The Use of Spatial Multi Criteria Analysis to Support Sustainable Tourism Planning (A Case Study in Coastal Area of Bantul Regency Yogyakarta).
Abstract
Parangtritis Village is one of the smallest administrative boundary in the Bantul Regency that has coast line, in which tourism is the main economic sector after farming and agriculture. The limitations on space and the vulnerable ecosystem are the first to be considered in the development of tourism. The main problems are the conflict of land space utilization among stakeholders, government and community. Therefore Spatial Multi Criteria Analysis to support sustainable tourism planning is proposed. A GIS model has already been constructed with available data. Supporting decision-making in a spatial context is implicit in the use of GIS but the analytical capability of the GIS has to be enhanced to solve the problems, where Multi Criteria Analysis comes in to play. The objectives of this research are to access land suitability analysis purposes for tourism, paddy field, identify conflict area and to determine the best alternative land use by Multi Criteria Analysis method. Eleven land use policy alternatives were designed and evaluated to minimize conflict and to find the best alternative land use based on the production orientation and environmental conservation. The results of this research are area suitable for tourism, about 36.33% were of highly suitable (S1), 32.88% of suitable (S2), 24.77% of marginally suitable (S3) and 6.00% of not suitable (N). The area suitable for paddy field which about 33.63% of suitable (S2), 52.47% of marginally suitable (S3), and 13.89% of not suitable (N). The conflict of interest based on land suitability are between the suitable S2 paddy field and suitable S1 tourism of about 1.42%, S2 paddy field and suitable S2 tourism of about 26,58%. The conflicts based on existing land use are the development of hotel/infrastructure in the area of sand dune, the planting vegetation in sand dune to protect paddy field. Some assessment criteria (sand dune conservation, economic development and sustainable development) were defined and submitted to determine the best alternative. The alternative 4b (sustainable development emphases on sand dune conservation) has been found to be the best alternative. The second best was alternative 3C (economic development) and the third best was alternative 5C (sustainable development emphases on tourism infrastructure development).