Induksi Mutasi Fisik terhadap Kemampuan Adaptasi Brokoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) di Dataran Rendah.

Abstract

Broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) is a vegetable that contains numerous benefits and serves to reduce the risk of cancer. These vegetables come from subtropical regions and only suitable to be planted in tropical highlands. This study was aimed to identify the effect of gamma-ray irradiation dose to the genetic diversity of broccoli in the lowlands. Research conducted at Pasirkuda experimental station, Bogor (207 m asl) in November 2014 until April 2015. This research used randomized complete block design 2 factors. These factors are genotype and level of irradiation dose, consisting of 4 genotype, i.e F1 Lucky and F1 Mujur (genotype highland), F1 Green Magic and F1 Marathon (genotype lowland) with level irradiation dose (0, 100, 150, 200, 250 Gy). The results elucidated LD50 values of gamma irradiation on broccoli (B. oleracea var. italica) genotype Lucky, Mujur, and general amounted 191.023 Gy, Gy 84.595 and 206.796 Gy. Mutations also can increase the percentage of broccoli flowering that is 90.41%. Mutations affected the performance of qualitative and quantitative variation on broccoli. Diversity occurs between population and irradiated individuals. Diameter of flower heads trait have a positive correlation to the diameter of the rod and a proper harvest time has a positive correlation to the time of flowering.