Aplikasi pupuk kalsium dan boron untuk mengurangi getah kuning pada buah Manggis (Garcinia mangostana L.)

Abstract

The yellow sap contamination causes low quality of mangosteen. Yellow sap contamination occurs due to weak cell walls in the fruit. Weak cell walls caused by low calcium and boron. Calcium has a function to strengthen the integrity of the cell wall and boron provide the stability maintenance of the cell wall. This research aims to examine the combination of calcium and boron with a low dose to reduce yellow sap contamination in mangosteen. The research was located in 3 mangosteen orchard in Cigudeg, Citeureup, Sukabumi, and analysis of samples in Post Harvest Laboratory of Bogor Agricultural University in November 2014 to March 2015. The research was designed by Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with one factor of the combination of calcium and boron dose. The treatment consisted of 5 levels that repeated 4 times with each repetition consisted of one tree so that the number of mangosteen tree is 20 trees in each experimental orchard. In each tree, 20 fruits were collected randomly. The combination of fertilizers that used in this research was without fertilizer (control), 1 kg Ca / tree + 0.047 g B / tree, 1 kg Ca / tree + 1.553 g B/ tree, 1.5 kg Ca / tree + 0.047 g B / tree , and 1.5 kg Ca / tree + 1.553 g B / tree. The results of this research indicated that the most effective dose to reduce contamination of yellow sap in mangosteen in three experimental orchard was a dose of 1.5 kg Ca / tree + 1.553 g B / tree. The application of calcium and boron at a dose of 1.5 kg Ca/tree + 1.553 g B/tree significantly reduced scores and percentage of yellow sap contamination on peel and aryl of fruit, and did not affect the physical and chemical quality of mangosteen fruits.