Analisis struktur sekretori, histokimia, fitokimia, dan potensi antibakteri dari beberapa tumbuhan obat antiinfeksi di taman wisata alam telaga warna bogor

Abstract

Many species of vascular plant serve as source of secondary metabolites utilized as medicine. Plants studied in this research were the medicinal plants used for infectious diseases treatment originated from the Taman Wisata Alam Telaga Warna Bogor i.e.: ki tabo (Tithonia diversifolia), ki ajag (Ardisia fuliginosa), kuray (Trema orientalis), and kirinyuh. The presence of terpenoids, alkaloids, phenols and lipophilic compounds in the plant tissue were identified by using histochemical test. The terpenoids, alkaloids, phenols and steroids content in plant tissues were determined by using a qualitative phytochemical test of plant tissues powder. Antibacterial activity of plant extract was tested to a grampositive bacteria, Staphyllococcus aureus and a gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli by using the well diffusion method. The result showed that the peltate and uniseriate glandular trichomes were found in T. diversifolia. Uniseriat trichomes and idioblas cells were present in A. fuliginosa. Capitate, uniseriat trichomes and other trichomes containing crystals were observed in T. orientalis. Peltate and uniseriat trichomes were found in A. inulifolium. Histochemical test showed positive results of alkaloids, terpenoids and lipophilic compounds in peltate trichomes of T. diversifolia. Uniseriat trichomes of A. fuliginosa showed the precence of alkaloids, terpenoids, lipophilic compounds and phenols. Capitate trichomes of T. orientalis positively containing terpenoids and lipophilic compounds. Peltate trichomes of A. inulifolium showed positive test for alkaloids, terpenoids, and phenol. Inhibitory activity against S. aureus was shown by extracts of all medicinal plant tested, whereas the greatest inhibition activity produced by T. diversifolia.