Mikobiota pada Buah Pisang: Pengaruhnya terhadap Fusarium semitectum, Cendawan Penyebab Busuk Buah

Abstract

Fusarium semitectum is a pathogenic fungus causing fruit rot of banana fruits. Biological control agents have been used as an alternative to control postharvest diseases. The objective of this study was to test antagonistic potential of mycobiota of banana fruits against F. semitectum. This pathogenic fungus was isolated from banana fruits cultivar lampung collected from three traditional markets in Municipality of Bogor using direct plating method. The test fungi were isolated using dilution method followed by pour plate method. Test of antagonism was carried out using direct opposition method. Pathogenicity test of F. semitectum and test fungi were carried out by inoculating the fungal isolates on banana fruits. Among the 5 isolates of F. semitectum, isolate PBI.3 showed the highest pathogenicity. Seventeen isolates of test fungi were isolated from banana fruits, consisted of 14 filamentous fungal and 3 yeast isolates. Test of antagonism gave 4 antagonist fungal isolates which inhibited the growth of F. semitectum PBI.3 in a range of 70-100%, they consisted of Aspergillus niger, Cercosporella sp., Plectosphaerella sp., and Trichoderma hamatum respectively. The last three of them did not cause any diseases of banana fruits, consequently they can be used as biocontrol agents.