Keanekaragaman morfologi dan struktur reproduksi tumbuhan paku terestrial di Kampus Institut Pertanian Bogor

Abstract

Tumbuhan paku terestrial dan kerabatnya (Pteridophyta) di kampus Institut Pertanian Bogor - Darmaga telah teridentifikasi sebanyak 56 spesies, termasuk ke dalam 30 genus dan 18 famili. Karakter struktur vegetatif diamati dan dicatat untuk keperluan identifikasi dan pembuatan kunci identifikasi. Karakter struktur vegetatif yang diamati meliputi habitus, frond, stipe, dan sisik. Karakter struktur reproduksi yang diamati menggunakan mikroskop cahaya meliputi lokasi sori, tipe indusium, tipe spora, jumlah spora per sporangium, bentuk spora, perispor, dan ornamentasi eksin. Habitus dan tipe frond membedakan antar famili Pteridophyta, sedangkan bentuk frond membedakan antara genera dalam satu famili. Spesies dalam satu genus dapat dibedakan dari bentuk sisik dan tepi lamina. Lokasi sori, tipe spora, dan bentuk spora merupakan karakter pembeda antar famili. Tipe indusium dan bentuk spora membedakan genus dalam satu famili, sedangkan ornamentasi eksin dan perispor dapat membedakan spesies dalam satu genus. Bentuk spora yang ditemukan yaitu monolet, trilet, dan globose. Ornamentasi eksin yang ditemukan yaitu glabrous, granulate, cristate, pappilous, dan echinate. Kata kunci: Pteridophyta terestrial, kunci identifikasi, struktur reproduksi, spora, ornamentasi eksin.

Terrestrial Pteridophytes in Darmaga campus of Bogor Agricultural University have been identified as many as 56 species, classified into 30 genera and 18 families. Vegetatif characters were examined and reported for identification and constructing identification key. The observed characters were habit, frond, stipe, and scale. The characters of reproductive structure observed using light microscope were sori location, indusium, spore type, spore number per sporangium, spore shape, perispore, and exin ornamentation. Habit and frond type can be used to distinguish among families of terrestrial Pteridophyta, while frond shape can be used to distinguish among genera within a family. Among species within a genus can be distinguished by scale and lamina margin. Sori location, spore type, and spore shape were differed among families. Indusium and spore shapes differenciated species within a genus. Three various spore shapes were found, monolete, trilete, and globose. Five exin ornamentation were observed, glabrous, granulate, cristate, pappilous, and echinate. Keywords: Terrestrial Pteridophytes, identification key, reproductive structure, spores, exin ornamentation.