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      Selulosa mikrofibril dari batang pisang sebagai bahan baku film plastik

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      Date
      2014
      Author
      Febriyani, Eka Pretty
      Soebrata, Betty Marita
      Mulijani, Sri
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      Abstract
      Batang pisang merupakan limbah lignoselulosa yang kandungan selulosanya bisa diisolasi dan dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan baku pembuatan film plastik. Selulosa berhasil diisolasi menggunakan metode kimia mekanik dan didapatkan selulosa mikrofibril dengan ukuran partikel 920 nm. Analisis gugus fungsi menggunakan spektroskopi inframerah membuktikan bahwa hasil isolasi adalah benar selulosa. Selulosa mikrofibril hasil isolasi dicampurkan dengan pati jagung dan gliserol sebagai pemlastis. Ragam pati jagung yang digunakan adalah 1.5, 1.75, 2.0, dan 3.0 g. Selulosa mikrofibril dan gliserol yang ditambahkan pada tiap ragam adalah 2.5 dan 1 g. Film plastik dengan jumlah pati 1.5 g menghasilkan nilai kuat tarik paling tinggiyaitu 13 MPa dan memiliki nilai permeabilitas uap air paling rendah, yaitu 2.3 ng m m-2 s-1 Pa-1. Film plastik yang mengandung pati 3.0 g memiliki elongasi paling tinggi, yaitu 11%. Mikrograf elektron parayan menunjukkan distribusi campuran film telah homogen.
       
      Banana stem is a waste that contain lignoselulose from which cellulose can be isolated and used as raw material for plastic film. Cellulose was sucessfully isolated by mechanical chemical method giving 920 nm microfibrils. Functional group analysis by infrared spectroscopy proved that the isolated material was cellulose. The isolated microfibrils was mixed with corn starch and glicerol as plastisizer. Corn starch was added at various composition, i.e. 1.5, 1.75, 2.0, and 3.0 g. The microfibrillated cellulose and glicerol added into corn starch were 2.5 and 1 g, respectively. The plastic film with 1.5 g corn starch showed the highest tensile strength1 of 3 MPa and the lowest water vapor permeability 2.3 ng m m-2 s-1 Pa-1. The plastic film with 3 g corn starch gave the highest elongation rate of 11%. The scanning electron micrograph showed that the film component distribution was homogeneous. Keywords: cellulosemicrofibril, physical-mechanical properties, plastic film, water vapor permeability
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/72186
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      • UT - Chemistry [2295]

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