| dc.description.abstract | The effort to increase productivity and other elite characters of Indonesia oil palm breeding program is facing a problem because of the narrow of genetic diversity. To widen the genetic diversity, germplasm exploration has been done in Angola, Central Africa. The objectives of this research is to assess the genetic diversity of oil palm Angola-originated between accessions and spatial distribution regions compared to the commercial population of Tenera (D x P), Dura (D) and Pisifera (P) based on microsatellite markers. The Angola-originated plant materials used were 27 accessions consist of 136 palm planted in Palapa Estate Riau, Sumatera. And commercial population plant materials used were 34 palms (25 progenies) consist of 20 palms (14 progenies of D palm), 4 palms (1 progeny of P palm and 10 palms (10 progenies) of D x P palms planted in Kandista and Damimas Estate, Riau, Sumatera. DNA has been isolated and amplified using PCR based on 20 SSR markers. Data analysis has been done using GenAlEx 6.5 software to analyze allelic diversities, Analysis of Molecular Variance (AMOVA), Genetic diversity coefficient (Gst), and the individuals spread in the populations using Principal Coordinates Analysis (PCoA). Power Marker V 3.15 software has been used to analyze the level of loci polymorphism (PIC); and NTSYS ver. 2.1 has been used to analyze the genetic relationship based on Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean (UPGMA). All the analysis has been used either on individual in all populations, between populations or between subpopulations based on spatial distribution region in Angola. The result shows that the PIC value is 0.55 with 107 total numbers of alleles. Genetic diversity coefficient between spatial distribution regions is range from 0.01 to 0.13. AMOVA shows that the sources of highest diversity is given by diversities between individuals either in the subpopulations or based on spatial distribution regions. UPGMA grouping analysis has dividing all individuals into six groups on 0.42 to 0.96 similarity coefficient. The grouping of individuals is not based on the accessions and spatial distribution regions. The individuals spread analysis shows that a part of individuals tend to spread on four quadrants and part of them tend to agglomerate only on two quadrants. The D x P, D and P individuals tend to separate from the Angola-originated individuals. The Angola-originated population has all the genetic diversities parameter values compared to the commercial population D x P, D and P. The Angola-originated population has the potencies to be selected as a parent material on the current oil palm breeding program scheme. | en |
