Pengaruh Lama Ketiadaan Inang Spodoptera litura terhadap Kebugaran Parasitoid Snellenius manilae dengan Menggunakan MANOVA

Abstract

Snellenius manilae is a parasitoid species that attacks insect pests of plants that can be used as a biological control agent. One of the hosts for this parasitoids is caterpillar Spodoptera litura, a common pest of cabbage. These parasitoids lay eggs on the inside of the host and grow in the host. This study aims to determine the effect of the absence of host parasitoid on the reproductive ability of the parasitoids. Dependent variables in this case are the total parasitoid eggs laid, eggs remaining in the parasitoids’ ovaries after death, parasitoid longevity, number of eggs laid on day 8, and the excess parasitoid eggs laid (superparasitism). The multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) is used in this study to examine the effect of the treatment of multiple responses simultaneously. Testing the multivariate normality assumption, equality of several covariance matrices and degree of freedom. The result of MANOVA analysis shows that the Wilk's Lambda test statistic with p value less than the significance level (0.05). Based on these results it can be concluded that the long absence of the host gives a different effect on parasitoid fitness. Comparison of mean vector treatment on Hotelling T2 test results shows that the long absence of host has significant effect on parasitoid fitness. Test results of profile analyzes of the 14 treatments, there are three treatment groups with profiles that shows parallel and coincident the hypothesis ie treatments of P1 and Control, treatments of P2, P3, P8 and P9 and treatments of P11 and P12.