Karakterisasi Genom Mitokondria Ikan pada Gen Cytochrome Oxydase Subunit 1 (CO1) dan Cytochrome B (CytB)

Abstract

Popularity mitochondria genome(mtDNA) is supported by the relatively small size (15-20kb), a relatively rapid rate of mutation, and not having a recombination, therefore the scientists are often using mtDNA to analyze a species, such as DNA barcoding. Segment of mtDNA genes that frequently used in DNA barcoding is CO1 (cytochrome Oxydase 1) and CytB (cytochrome B) as an alternative gene segment. The purpose of this study was to characterize usage of CO1 and CytB on various species of fish from the nucleotide database (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/). The sequences of mtDNA from different taxa are gradually searched and selected. Then the data of nucleotide sequences were analyzed by using some programs, such as ClustalW, Microsoft Office Excel, and CodonW. The results showed that bias in general leads to the third codon A (73%). χ2 test conducted on the deployment of the third codon produced entirely evenly spread on each order. Amino acid that has a combination of 4 and 6 are having bias because they are having a high level of gene expression. Results of T-test for the relationship RSCU on CO1 and CytB not significantly different (α = 0,05 level, tcount <α) so that they are conserved as a marker genes also there might be genetic diversity in fishes’ mtDNA.