The Effect of Application Probiotic Lactobacillus brevis and prebiotics Oligosaccharides for immune response and resistance Thai Catfish seeds (Pangasionodon hypophthalmus) Infected by Aeromonas hydrophila.

Abstract

Thai catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) is one of the important economic and cultivated fish species in Indonesia. while diseases caused by Aeromonas hydrophila often breakout and spread in catfish farming and sometimes cause large economic losses. Aeromonas hydrophila is a causative agent of motile aeromonad septicemia (MAS). The wide and frequent use of antibiotics in aquaculture for this diseases, has resulted in the development and spread of antibiotic resistance. The other alternative for this case were probiotics, prebiotics, and combined of probiotics and prebiotics (synbiotics). Probiotics are live microbial supplements that beneficially affect the host animal by improving its microbial balance. These strains commonly used as probiotics were Lactobacillus. Prebiotics are non-digestible food ingredients that stimulate the growth with selective of intestinal microbial like bifidogenic and lactic acidbacteria in the gastro-intestinal tract. Typically, the prebiotics consist of oligosaccharides, like fructooligosaccharide (FOS), dan galactooligosaccharide (GOS).The aim of this study was to evaluate of probiotic Lactobacillus brevis, prebiotic Oligosaccharides and synbiotics upon the population bacteria in the intestine, immune response, survival (SR), and growth rate (SGR) of Thai Catfish seeds (Pangasionodon hypophthalmus) which was infected by Aeromonas hydrophila. The study was carried out at the Fish Health Laboratory, Aquaculture Department of the Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science Bogor Agricultural University; College of Fisheries university Extension Programe; and Main Centre of Freshwater Aquaculture Development, on October – December 2012. The parameters were total number of Lactobacillus sp. in the gut, total number of erythrocyte, hemoglobin, hematocrit, leucocyte, differntial leucocyte, and phagocytic activity, survival rate, growth rate, FCR (feed convertion ratio), and water quality. For in vivo test 5 (five) treatments and three replicated utilized, i.e. positive control (K(+)), negative control (K(-)), probiotic (Pro), prebiotics Oligosaccharides (Pre) and sinbiotics (Sin). One-way ANOVA was used to determine differences among the treatments. When a significant (p<0.05) difference was detected, the means were compared by use of Duncan’s multiple range test, and analysed by Xl-stat programe The results of the characteristics test showed that the species of probiotic and pathogen were Lactobacillus brevis and Aeromonas hydrophila respectively. In vivo test was carried out in 5 (five) treatments, i.e. positive control (K(+)), negative control (K(-)), probiotic (Pro), prebiotic (Pre) and synbiotic (Sin). The results showed that the total number of Lactobacillus sp. in the gut were between vi 101-106 (CFU/gr) and the total number of erythrocyte, hemoglobin, hematocrit, leucocyte, differntial leucocyte, and phagocytic activity have shown significant different (p<0.05) with control at the some times. The treatments of Sin, Pre, Pro and K(-) were at 100% in survival rate (SR), while K(+) was (43.33 ± 11.55)%. The growth rate showed significant different (p<0.05), with the highest value was on Sin treatment (3,37 ± 0.14)%. The FCR of Pro, Pre, and Sin were 1,414±0,13; 1,431±0,08 and 1,305±0,08. This fact suggested that Sin was better than the other treatments in immune respon at total erythrocyte, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and total leucocyte.