Pencirian Ekstrak Aktif Sitotoksik dari Daun Sirsak Gundul (Annona glabra) Indonesia

Abstract

Pond apple (Annona glabra) is a member of Annonaceae. It has been reported that plants from Annonaceae family contains alkaloid, flavonoid, and acetogenin having good anticancer potency. The objectives of this research were to fractionate A. glabra leaves assisted with brine-shrimp lethality test (BSLT), to characterize the active extract, and to identify the phytochemical constituents. Fractionation of 95% ethanol extract using liquid-liquid extraction gave 7 fractions, namely yellow, orange, and dark water, chloroform, residue, hexane, and methanol fractions. Based on the BSLT results, chloroform fraction showed the highest activity with LC50 of 98 ppm. Phytochemical test of the most active fraction showed alkaloid, flavonoid, steroid, triterpenoid, and tanin components. Subsequent fractionation of the chloroform fraction by using hexane-CH2Cl2-methanol (90:40:5) eluent produced 16 spots. The infrared spectrum of the best separated spot was analyzed and showed functional groups with -OH, aromatic C=C, C-H sp2, and C-H sp3 bonds.