Sintesis ZnO dengan Tambahan Surfaktan Kationik dan Anionik Menggunakan Metode Hidrotermal

Abstract

ZnO is a semiconductor material that has been widely used in various applications, such as solar cell. This study aimed to synthesis ZnO with ZnSO4 and KOH using hydrothermal method and evaluate the effect of surfactants on the synthesis process. First, ZnO was synthesized with various concentrations of ZnSO4:KOH (1:2, 1:3, 1:4 and 1:5). The best result was chosen by X-ray diffraction analysis. Synthesis of ZnO with the best ratio was carried out again with the addition of cationic surfactant, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), and anionic surfactant, sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS). Based on the diffractograms, the best ratio was 1:2 with 86.29% crystallinity. This ratio was chosen due to the high crystallinity and the least impurities. Synthesis with the addition of CTAB and SDS gave higher crystallinity, 88.76% and 89.13%, respectively. Based on calculation using Scherrer’s equation, it showed that the addition of CTAB resulted the smallest crystal size. Based on those data, it can be concluded that surfactants have improved the characteristics ZnO by increasing the crystalinity and reducing the crystal size.