Genetic Variation Analysis of Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb. by Using Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) Marker

Abstract

Indonesia is known by its diversities, especially in herb-medicinal plants. Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb. is one of the potential medicinal plant belonging to Zingiberaceae family. This study was to determine genetic diversity of 32 accession Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb. Total DNA was extracted from leaf using Sodium Dodesyl Sulphate (SDS) modification methode. Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) was carried out according to the protocol described in AFLPTM plant mapping kit (PE Applied Biosystem) and the final polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products were separated using The Agilent 2100 Bioanalyzer. The number of fragment produced by 12 pairs primer combination of AFLP ranged from 42 to 60 with and average 0f 52. Data obtained was analyzed by the NTSys program. From the AFLP amplification on 32 DNA samples, it was proven that the accession of Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb. had a high degree of diversity. Based on analysis of AFLP and unweighted pair group with arithme average (UPGMA) it was shown that the accession of Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb. could be grouped into two cluster at relative ecludian distance of 0.10 (10%). Cluster I for accession from Palembang, Pacitan and Ciamis 2. Cluster II for accession from Makale, Pontianak, Kulonprogo, Mataram, Boyolali, Salatiga, Sumberejo, Bali, P. Seram, Sentolo, Purworejo, Samas Bantul, Ciamis1, Blora, Semarang, Poso, Kalsel, Tagari, Merapi Farm, Salakaria, NTB, Menoreh, Karang Anyar, Mangunan, Medan, Toraja, dan Solok.