Keanekaragaman Laba-laba (Ordo Araneae) di Daerah Mangrove

Abstract

Spider (Order Araneae, Phylum Arthropod) has high adaptation to different types of environments. Therefore, spider is a cosmopolitan animal due to their ability to live anywhere. The spider can be found in terrestrial, arboreal, and some aquatic habitat. One of the aquatic habitat is mangrove. In every ecosystem, spider is an important component in the food chain i.e. as a predator. Thus, this research was aimed to study the diversity of spider in the mangrove vegetation in Wildlife Reserve and Protected Forest of Muara Angke in Jakarta and the mangrove vegetation in Kolaka, Southeast Sulawesi. Spider was collected using sweeping and beating techniques on the transect lines in each species of mangroves. There were 21 families and 32 genus of spider in two different locations which were Wildlife Reserve and Protected Forest Muara Angke, Jakarta. The dominant families of Araneae in Wildlife Reserve and Protected Forest were Mimetidae, Tetragnathidae, Salticidae, and Oecobidae. Mimetidae has highest abundance from all of the spider families found. Among the four families above, two most dominant genera were existed, i.e. Mimetus and Tetragnatha. Two families of spider which were found in Kolaka were in five genera and the dominant family was Tetragnathidae. The dominant genera spiders in Sonneratia Rhizopora, and Avicennia were Mimetus, Tetragnatha, and Ebo, respectively.