Herbicide Residue And Application Analysis On Sugarcane Plantation Management Based On The Aspect Of Socioecologic

Abstract

Nowadays, the agricultural operation that produces maximum output can not be separated from increasing the usage of chemicals such as pesticide. The increasing of herbicide usage would give further concern to environmental polution, which not only affect on non-target organisms but human as well. PT Rajawali II PG Subang sugar plantation is one of the agriculture operation that uses herbicide (one type of pesticide) as weed killer (controller). Some active ingredients of herbicide that used in this company are paraquat, ametryn, 2,4-D, and ammonium glufosinate. This research aims to analyze the level of herbicide residues of paraquat, ametryn, 2,4-D, and ammonium glufosinate in the soil and sugarcane tissue as well as analyzing perception of the employee in herbicide usage and behaviour. Herbicide residues had been analyzed by using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The results showed that the average of employees knowledge on herbicides was up more than 50%, except knowledge of weed resistance (31,81%). The most frequent accident on handling herbicides was wound/skin irritation (77,27%). Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) and other safety rules have been carried out by employees, but the implementation was still inadequate. Commonly PPE used were hat (100%), long sleeve clothes (100%), boots (81,81%), face shields (72,72%), and gloves (22,72%), while eye protection/googles were never used. Meanwhile, content of residual herbicide in sugarcane plantations have a range of the concentration of the residue in the soil of 0,009 - 0,057 ppm for paraquat, 0,018 – 0,16 ppm for ametryn, 0,242 - 2,615 ppm for glufosinate, while 2,4-D was not detected in the soil. The concentration of herbicide residue on the sugarcane was 0,008 - 0,033 ppm for paraquat, 0,023 - 0,058 ppm for ametryn, 0,017 ppm for 2,4-D, and 0,485 - 3,727 ppm for glufosinate. The value of MPL that obtained for the herbicide paraquat was 0,24 mg, ametryn was 0,9 mg, 2,4-D was 18 mg, and glufosinat was 1,2 mg. Maximum amount of sugarcane which can be consumed by adult per day was 7,27 kg for paraquat, 15,52 kg for ametryn, 1058,82 kg for 2,4-D, and 0,32 kg for glufosinate. Glufosinate on sugarcane should be a concern with the amount of sugarcane which is low enough to be consumed by adult until the maximum limit per day 0,32 kg.