Potensi Pelepah Temulawak (Curcuma xanthorriza) sebagai Antikanker dan Antioksidan

Abstract

The study aimed to evaluate the potency of temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza) stem as anticancer by brine shrimp lethality test (BSLT) and antioxidant by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assays. The stem of temulawak midrib obtained from Bogor, was extracted by n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, methanol, and water, and the volatile oil was obtained by water distillation. The chloroform extract and volatile oil showed anticancer potency towards Artemia salina (LC50: 370.69 ± 22.69 μg mL-1 ; 123.05 ± 3.49 μg mL-1, respectively). Ethyl acetate and chloroform extracts had antioxidant activities (IC50: 46.41 ± 15.49 μg mL-1 and 52.72 ± 3.46 μg mL-1) but the activity did not as strong as ascorbic acid (control positive, IC50 1.80 ± 0.33 μg mL-1). The chloroform extract was further fractionated by column chromatography with Silica Gel G60F254-Merck as stationary phase and gradient of n-hexane, chloroform, and methanol as mobile phase. Antioxidant and anticancer potency of fraction which had antioxidant activity qualitatively were tested. The most antioxidant active fraction (F9) had anticancer potency (LC50: 522.95 ± 43.35 μg mL-1) and antioxidant activity (IC50: 79.57 ± 8.96 μg mL-1). In conclusion, F9 is potencial as an anticancer and antioxidant.