Sintesis Polimer Superabsorben Onggok Tapioka-Akrilamida: Pengaruh Konsentrasi Monomer dan inisiator
Synthesis of Superabsorbent Polymer Obtained from Cassava Waste Pulp-Graft-Acrylamide: Effect of Monomer and Initiator Concentration.
Date
2012Author
Saesario, Muhammad Irvan
Mas’ud,Zainal Alim
Anwar, HM
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Cassava waste pulp (CP) is a solid waste product from tapioca processing industry. This waste still contains high carbohydrates, so it can be modified into superabsorbent polymers (SAP) through grafting and crosslinking copolymerization. Acrylamide monomer was grafted onto CP as the backbone, ammonium persulphate was used as the initiator, and N,N’-methylene-bis-acrylamide as the crosslinker under N2 atmosphere. Synthesis of SAP CP-acrylamide was performed at 70 oC for 3 hours and the product was saponified with NaOH 1 M for 2 hours. Two factors affecting the swelling capacity of SAP, i.e. monomer and initiator, were studied. SAP was synthesized with varied amount of monomer (18.0, 22.5, and 27.0 g) and initiator (200, 250, and 300 mg). The success of grafting-crosslinking copolymerization was shown by the changes in Fourier transform infrared spectrum as well as surface morphology based on scanning electron microscope photograph. The best SAP composition was determined from the optimum water absorption capacity. The optimum water absorption capacity was shown on the SAP composition of 22.5 g monomer and 250 mg initiator, with 788.94 g/g water absorption capacity. This value means, SAP with composition of monomer 22.5 g and initiator 250 mg is the best SAP and it can be applicated as soil conditioner Onggok tapioka (OT) merupakan limbah padat dari industri pengolahan tapioka. Tingginya kandungan karbohidrat menyebabkan OT dapat dimodifikasi menjadi polimer superabsorben (SAP) dengan cara kopolimerisasi pencangkokan-penautan-silang. Monomer akrilamida dicangkokkan ke dalam OT sebagai rantai utama, amonium persulfat digunakan sebagai inisiator, dan N,N’-metilena-bis-akrilamida sebagai penautsilang di bawah kondisi N2. Sintesis SAP OT-akrilamida dilakukan pada 70 oC selama 3 jam dan produk disaponifikasi dengan NaOH 1 M selama 2 jam. Dua faktor yang memengaruhi daya serap air SAP, yaitu monomer dan inisiator, diamati. SAP disintesis dengan variasi bobot monomer (18, 22.5, dan 27 g) dan inisiator (200, 250, dan 300 mg). Keberhasilan proses kopolimerisasi dan saponifikasi ditunjukkan oleh perubahan spektrum inframerah tranformasi Fourier dan juga morfologi permukaan berdasarkan foto mikroskop elektron payaran. Komposisi SAP terbaik ditentukan dari nilai optimum daya serap airnya. Daya serap air optimum ditunjukkan pada SAP dengan komposisi monomer sebesar 22.5 g dan inisiator 250 mg dengan daya serap air sebesar 788.94 g/g. Nilai ini menunjukkan bahwa SAP dengan komposisi monomer 22.5 g dan inisiator 250 mg merupakan SAP terbaik dan dapat diaplikasikan sebagai media penjaga kelembaban tanah.
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- UT - Chemistry [2016]