Kajian Implementasi Pengelolaan Daerah Perlindungan Laut di Desa Mattiro Deceng, Kabupaten Pangkep, Propinsi Sulawesi Selatan

Abstract

Daerah Perlindungan Laut (DPL) merupakan kawasan laut yang ditetapkan dan diatur sebagai daerah larang ambil, tertutup bagi berbagai aktivitas pemanfaatan yang bersifat destruktif, kecuali untuk kegiatan penelitian, pendidikan dan wisata terbatas (snorkle dan menyelam). Adanya DPL ini dinilai penting demi menunjang terwujudnya perbaikan ekosistem, khususnya terumbu karang dan mempertahankan produksi perikanan

Marine reserve is one of models for marine and coastal management to protect coral reef ecosystem. Marine reserve is banned for destructive activities, except for research, education and tourism (snorkeling and diving). The goals of this research were to describe (1) the implementation of marine reserve management, (2) the impact on coral reef ecosystem and economic community and (3) factors that influence the success of marine reserve management. This research was conducted at Mattiro Deceng Village (Badi and Pajjenekang Islands) on April- Mei 2010. Point Intercept Transect (PIT) and Underwater Visual Cencus (UVC) were used to observe the condition of coral condition and reef fish at Badi Island. Likert range was used to see the impacts on economic and social aspects. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used to classify factors that influence the success of marine reserve management. The steps for implementation were socialization, field check, formalization, demarcation, training and cross visit, establishment of management board, surveillance, monitoring and evaluation. Live coral cover increased by 12% and there was decreasing of coral mortality index for 2 years. Research found 45 species from 18 families and its abundance was 456 ind/250 m2 with a high diversity and eveness index. There was increasing of fish abundance from 2009. There was no fish dominate ecosystem. Marine reserve has not been able to increase community income and catches. The impacts on social aspect were a fairly good of community perception and government role and low level of community participation. There were 9 factor groups that influence the success of marine reserve management: (i) government roles in marine reserve establishment and management, (ii) community participation in marine reserve establishment, (iii) community participation in marine reserve management, (iv) community perception to resources and marine reserve, (v) output of marine reserve for ecotourism and education, (vi) output of marine reserve for ecology and community income, (vii) community conflict, (viii) output of marine reserve to community catches and (ix) budget.