Aktivitas antihipertensi aktinomiset endofit asal tanaman pegagan dan belimbing wuluh

Abstract

Endophytic actinomycetes lives in the plant tissue without causing a negative impact. Several medicinal associates with endophytic microbe which may produce similar bioactive compounds to their host plant. Inhibition of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) is one of the effective antihypertension mechanism. The potency of endophytic actinomycetes from the medicinal plant used as ACE inhibitor needs to be elucidated. The research aimed to isolate endophytic actinomycetes from rhizome, stem, leaf of pegagan (Centella asiatica) and also from fruit of belimbing wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi), and assess their capability to produce bioactive compound which can function as ACE inhibitor. The endophytic actinomycetes were isolated from surface sterilized plant parts, grounded and plated in Humic-acid Vitamin-B agar (HV) medium. The purified isolates were grown on International Streptomyces Project No.2 (ISP2) medium, and the crude extract which consisted of extracellular bioactive compound, was used for in vitro assay of ACE inhibitor activity. Twelve isolates of endophytic actinomycetes were successfully isolated from pegagan leaves (three isolates) and belimbing wuluh fruits (nine isolates). The data showed that nine isolates (AEP-1, AEP-2, AEP-3, AEB-1, AEB-3, AEB-5, AEB-6, AEB-7, and AEB-8), had various ACE inhibitor activities, and belonged to Streptomyces spp.. Three other isolates (AEB-2, AEB-4, and AEB-9) belonged to non-Streptomyces, and also showed various ACE inhibitor activities,. Meanwhile, free endophytic microbes of tissue culture seedling of pegagan did not show any ACE inhibitor activity. The AEP-1 isolated from pegagan had the highest percentage (279.2%) followed by AEB-5 isolated from belimbing wuluh (222,92%) of ACE inhibitor activity, exceeding the ACE inhibition activity of captopril (0.01 mg/mL) which was 61.5% and captopril (0.02 mg/mL) was 66.7%. The data indicate that endophytic actinomycetes isolated from leaf of pegagan and fruit of belimbing wuluh capable of producing ACE inhibitory compound.