Aktivitas antioksidan dan kandungan kimiawi ekstrak daun wungu (Graptophyllum pictum L. Griff.)

Abstract

Graptophyllum pictum L. Griff., a plant that originated from Papua and Polynesia, is believed to have antioxidant activity. This study aimed to examine of antioxidant activity and chemical content of Graptophyllum pictum L. Griff. leaves. Also, it was designed to determine the best extracting solvent that provides the highest antioxidant activity. This study used four different solvents, which were the solvent water, ethanol 30%, ethanol 70%, and ethanol 96%. Extracts of each solvent were studied to determine the presence or absence of the antioxidant activity and chemical content by using vitamin C as a comparison. The antioxidant activity of water extract, ethanol 30%, ethanol 70%, and ethanol 96% extract were determined using the DPPH (2,2 diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl) with a spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 517 nm. Phytochemical test showed that water extract, ethanol 30%, ethanol 70%, and ethanol 96% Graptophyllum pictum L. Griff. leaves contain alkaloids and flavonoids. Ethanol 30% and ethanol 70% extract were contained saponin. Ethanol 70% and ethanol 96% extract contained tannins and steroids. Antioxidants activity test (IC50) of four types of solvents showed that the antioxidant activity is not active on four types of solvent used, but ethanol 70% extract of Graptophyllum pictum L. Griff. leaves has a weak antioxidant activity with IC50 of 257.79 ppm. It can be concluded that water, ethanol 30%, ethanol 96% extract Graptophyllum pictum L. Griff. leaf have no antioxidant activity as measured using the DPPH method.