Kajian bioprospeksi spons laut asal taman nasional kepulauan Wakatobi dan implikasi pengelolaannya

Abstract

Most of eastern region of Indonesian waters are located in biodiversity center of coral triangle ecoregion and Wakatobi Archipelago Marine Park is one of them. Marine sponge is one of prominent benthic marine organism in coral reef. It is one of the prolific sources of pharmacological bioactive substances that are useful for drug development. About 30% of potentially natural products for drug lead had been isolated from marine sponges. Their bioactive substance has varied potential such as anticancer, antivirus, antimicrobe, anti-inflamation, and antimalaria. Based on preliminary cytotoxic assay on sponge crude extracts in 2008, marine sponge extracts (code W-19-08 and W-36-08) were among marine sponges collected from Wakatobi Archipelago National Park that had the potential of its cytotoxic activity. The purpose of this research were to examine sponge crude extract Lethal Concentration (LC50) and to describe human breast cancer cell line T47D morphology after treating with crude extract. The in vitro cytotoxicity assay was conducted using MTT method. In vitro cytotoxicity assay showed that marine sponge extracts W-19-08 and W-36-08 bioactivity were considered to medium with the LC50 value of 156.14 and 97.04 ppm, respectively. The cell line T47D morphology showed that these extracts were considered of having cytostatic properties.