Identifikasi, Kajian Biologi, dan Ketahanan Tanaman terhadap Nematoda Sista Kentang (Globodera spp.) Indonesia

Abstract

Kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.) merupakan tanaman pangan utama dunia yang menempati urutan keempat sesudah padi, gandum dan jagung. Beberapa faktor pembatas produksi kentang adalah gangguan hama dan penyakit, iklim, teknik budidaya, pembibitan (mutu bibit) dan kesuburan tanah. Penyakit tanaman disebabkan oleh berbagai bakteri, cendawan, fitoplasma, oomisetes, nematoda, viroids, and virus.

Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is the fourth most important crop in the world after rice, wheat and maize. Some factors that may constrain potato production in Indonesia are pests, diseases, climate, seed quality, soil fertility, and cultural methods. Plant diseases can be caused by bacteria, fungi, oomycetes, phytoplasma, nematodes, viroids, and virus. One parasite nematode, potato cyst nematode (PCN) (Globodera spp.), is a major threat to Indonesian potato production. In Indonesia, PCN was only first recognized in 2003 when it was found destroying a potato plantation in Sumber Brantas (East Java). Therefore, knowledge of PCN in Indonesia is limited and there has been no detail studied of species, pathotypes, biology and genetic diversity of Indonesian populations. This information is needed to develop appropriate and effective control strategies.