Deteksi Invertebrata Laut pada Ekosistem Lamun menggunakan eDNA Metabarcoding di Pantai Sanur, Bali

Abstract

Ekosistem lamun Pantai Sanur, Bali mengalami tekanan antropogenik akibat aktivitas wisata dan limbah domestik yang berpotensi memengaruhi komunitas invertebrata laut. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi keanekaragaman spesies menggunakan metode environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding dengan penanda gen 16S rRNA. Sampel air dianalisis melalui ekstraksi DNA, PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction), Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS), serta analisis QIIME 2 dan BLAST (Basic Local Alignment Search Tool). Hasil penelitian mengidentifikasi 16 spesies dari 21 Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) yang mewakili 9 kelas dan 7 filum. Nilai Indeks Shannon-Wiener sebesar 2,03–2,15 menunjukkan keanekaragaman sedang. Metode eDNA metabarcoding terbukti efektif untuk mendeteksi keanekaragaman invertebrata laut pada ekosistem lamun.

The seagrass ecosystem at Sanur Beach, Bali, is subject to anthropogenic pressure from tourism activities and domestic waste, which may affect marine invertebrate communities. This study aimed to identify species diversity using the environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding method with the 16S rRNA gene marker. Water samples were analyzed through DNA extraction, PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction), Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS), and analysis using QIIME 2 and BLAST (Basic Local Alignment Search Tool). The results identified 16 species from 21 Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs), representing 9 classes and 7 phyla. Shannon-Wiener Index values ??ranging from 2.03 to 2.15 indicated moderate diversity. The eDNA metabarcoding method proved effective for detecting marine invertebrate diversity in the seagrass ecosystem.