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      Isolasi, Identifikasi, Karakterisasi Bakteri Penghasil Lakase dari Eceng Gondok (Eichhornia crassipes) dan Uji Reistensi pada Klorpirifos

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      Date
      2026
      Author
      M., Izatu Septinaharin
      Fauzi, Anas Miftah
      Antonius, Sarjiya
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      Abstract
      Situ Gunung Putri merupakan salah satu danau perkotaan di Kabupaten Bogor, Indonesia, yang dikelilingi oleh kawasan perkotaan, pertanian, dan industri dengan beragam aktivitas antropogenik. Namun, pertumbuhan eceng gondok (Eichhornia crassipes) yang berlebihan telah menurunkan nilai ekologis dan fungsional danau tersebut. Eceng gondok merupakan sumber biomassa lignoselulosa yang mengandung lignin, yang dapat berfungsi sebagai substrat bagi bakteri penghasil lakase. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi bakteri penghasil lakase dari sampel akar eceng gondok dan sedimen yang diambil dari Situ Gunung Putri, mengevaluasi aktivitas lakasenya, serta menentukan ketahanannya terhadap klorpirifos. Isolasi bakteri dilakukan menggunakan sampel yang diambil dari sepuluh petak pengambilan sampel. Skrining bakteri penghasil lakase dilakukan menggunakan media yang mengandung guaiakol. Isolat terpilih diidentifikasi dan dievaluasi aktivitas enzim lakasenya. Isolat yang paling potensial, yang diberi kode EGA4.9, diidentifikasi sebagai Bacillus subtilis. Enzim tersebut kemudian dikarakterisasi pada berbagai kondisi pH, suhu, dan konsentrasi inducer CuSO4. Selain itu, isolat tersebut diuji ketahanannya terhadap klorpirifos. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa isolat EGA4.9 menunjukkan aktivitas lakase yang signifikan. Produksi lakase optimal dicapai pada pH 5, suhu 25°C, konsentrasi CuSO4 2 mM, dan masa inkubasi 96 jam. Lebih lanjut, isolat tersebut mempertahankan aktivitas lakase pada rentang nilai pH (5–8) dan suhu (25–50°C) yang luas. Galur ini juga menunjukkan ketahanan terhadap klorpirifos pada konsentrasi 100, 300, 500, 800, dan 1000 ppm. Temuan ini mengindikasikan bahwa Bacillus subtilis EGA4.9 memiliki potensi besar untuk aplikasi bioremediasi karena kemampuannya menghasilkan lakase pada berbagai kondisi lingkungan dan resistensinya terhadap konsentrasi klorpirifos yang tinggi. Oleh karena itu, bakteri ini dapat berpotensi pada remediasi klorpirifos sekaligus mendukung pemanfaatan biomassa eceng gondok dan memitigasi masalah terkait eceng gondok di Situ Gunung Putri.
       
      Situ Gunung Putri is one of the urban lakes in Bogor Regency, Indonesia, surrounded by urban, agricultural, and industrial areas with diverse anthropogenic activities. However, the excessive growth of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) has reduced the ecological and functional value of the lake. Water hyacinth is a lignocellulosic biomass source containing lignin, which can serve as a substrate for laccase-producing bacteria. This study aimed to isolate laccase-producing bacteria from water hyacinth root and sediment samples collected from Situ Gunung Putri, evaluate their laccase activity, and determine their resistance to chlorpyrifos. Bacterial isolation was conducted using samples collected from ten sampling plots. Screening for laccase-producing bacteria was performed using guaiacol-containing media. Selected isolates were identified and evaluated for laccase enzyme activity. The most promising isolate, designated EGA4.9, was identified as Bacillus subtilis. The enzyme was further characterized under different pH conditions, temperatures, and CuSO4 inducer concentrations. In addition, the isolate was tested for its resistance to chlorpyrifos. The results showed that isolate EGA4.9 exhibited significant laccase activity. Optimal laccase production was achieved at pH 5, a temperature of 25°C, a CuSO4 concentration of 2 mM, and an incubation period of 96 h. Furthermore, the isolate maintained laccase activity across a broad range of pH values (5–8) and temperatures (25–50°C). The strain also demonstrated resistance to chlorpyrifos at concentrations of 100, 300, 500, 800, and 1000 ppm. These findings indicate that Bacillus subtilis EGA4.9 possesses considerable potential for bioremediation applications due to its ability to produce laccase under varying environmental conditions and tolerate high concentrations of chlorpyrifos. This bacterium may therefore potential to chlorpyrifos remediation while simultaneously supporting the utilization of water hyacinth biomass and mitigating water hyacinth-related problems in Situ Gunung Putri.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/179931
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      Copyright © 2020 Library of IPB University
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      Contact Us | Send Feedback
      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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