Pemanfaatan Asam Humat pada Pembibitan Kelapa Sawit di Lahan Sulfat Masam dengan Budidaya Jenuh Air

Abstract

Usaha meningkatkan produktivitas melalui peremajaan tanaman menggunakan bibit berkualitas. Pembibitan di lahan marginal bisa menjadi solusi kebutuhan bibit kelapa sawit yang belum tercukupi. Lahan marginal merupakan lahan yang memiliki kualitas yang kurang mendukung dan memiliki banyak faktor pembatas, salah satunya pirit. Pengelolaan pirit dapat dilakukan melalui berbagai cara, salah satunya melalui budidaya jenuh air dan penggunaan asam humat. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui dosis asam humat optimum terhadap pertumbuhan bibit kelapa sawit dan meninjau pengaruh budidaya jenuh air terhadap pertumbuhan bibit kelapa sawit. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan dua petak budidaya kering dan budidaya jenuh air. Kedua petak diberikan perlakuan dosis asam humat 4 taraf yaitu 0 g bibit?¹ (A1), 100 g bibit?¹ (A2), 200 g bibit?¹ (A3), 300 g bibit?¹ (A4). Penelitian ini menunjukkan dosis asam humat dan lingkungan budidaya tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap parameter vegetatif tanaman, namun pada parameter destruktif terdapat perbedaan secara nyata pada karakter volume akar. Aplikasi asam humat dan budidaya jenuh air belum efektif dan efisien diterapkan di pembibitan kelapa sawit.

Improving oil palm productivity through replanting programs requires highquality seedlings. Nursery on marginal lands could be an alternative approach to increasing oil palm planting materials. Marginal lands generally possess unfavorable characteristics and various growth-limiting factors, including the presence of pyrite. The adverse effects of pyritic soils can be mitigated through soil saturated culture and the application of humic acid. This study aimed to determine the optimum humic acid dosage for seedling growth and to evaluate the effect of soil saturated culture for seedling growth. The experiment was conducted under two cultivation environments, namely conventional dry cultivation and soil saturated culture. Four humic acid dosages were applied in each environment: 0 g seedling?¹ (A1), 100 g seedling?¹ (A2), 200 g seedling?¹ (A3), and 300 g seedling?¹ (A4). The results indicated that humic acid application and cultivation environment did not significantly affect vegetative growth parameters. Significant differences were observed in destructive parameters, particularly root volume. Seedlings grown under soil saturated culture exhibited significantly greater root volume than those grown under conventional dry cultivation. These results suggest that soil saturated culture can improve root development significantyly and may be a promising strategy for producing oil palm seedlings on pyritic marginal lands.