Evaluasi Program Pembayaran Jasa Lingkungan di Sub DAS Pusur

Abstract

Program Pembayaran Jasa Lingkungan (PJL) merupakan instrumen ekonomi lingkungan yang memberikan insentif kepada penyedia jasa lingkungan untuk mendorong kegiatan konservasi. Program PJL di Sub DAS Pusur mulai diimplementasikan pada 31 Juli 2024, sehingga diperlukan evaluasi terhadap mekanisme pelaksanaan, desain skema, implementasi, dan pendapatan usahatani petani mitra. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis mekanisme pelaksanaan Program PJL serta mengevaluasi program berdasarkan aspek desain skema, implementasi dan ekonomi. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif dengan pengumpulan data melalui wawancara mendalam, FGD, dokumen PJL Sub DAS Pusur, dan kuesioner terhadap 30 petani peserta. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa program PJL menerapkan mekanisme indirect payment melalui Pusur Institute dengan penilaian jasa lingkungan menggunakan instrumen Inventarisasi Sumber Daya Lahan (ISDL). Evaluasi menunjukkan enam dari delapan kriteria desain skema telah terpenuhi, sedangkan implementasi program masih terkendala realisasi pembayaran dan tata kelola dana. Belum adanya pedoman distribusi insentif menyebabkan variasi dalam penggunaan insentif. Insentif yang diterima langsung memberikan kontribusi sebesar 8,62-11,13 % terhadap pendapatan usahatani, sedangkan pada kelompok lain dana dikelola secara kolektif. Hasil penelitian mengindikasikan perlunya penguatan mekanisme pembayaran, tata kelola kelembagaan, dan sumber pendanaan untuk meningkatkan efektivitas serta keberlanjutan Program PJL

The Payment for Environmental Services (PES) program is an environmental economic instrument that offers financial incentives to environmental service providers to promote conservation activities. This study aims to analyze the implementation mechanism of the PES program in the Sub DAS Pusur and evaluate its scheme design, execution, and economic. A descriptive research approach was employed, utilizing data gathered through in-depth interviews, Focus Group Discussions (FGDs), Pusur Sub-watershed PES document, and questionnaires administered to 30 participating farmers. The results indicate that the program operates via an indirect payment mechanism facilitated by the Pusur Institute, with environmental service assessments conducted using the Land Resource Inventory instrument. The evaluation reveals that six out of eight scheme design criteria were met, whereas program execution remains constrained by delays in payment realization and weak fund governance. Furthermore, the lack of standardized incentive distribution guidelines has resulted in inconsistent utilization across recipient groups. Directly received incentives contributed 8.62%-11.13% to farming income, while other groups managed their allocated funds collectively. These findings highlight the critical need to strengthen payment mechanisms, institutional governance, and funding sources to enhance the overall effectiveness and long-term sustainability of the PES program.