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      Analisis Kinerja Arsitektur Transformer dan PatchTST pada Peramalan Harga Aset Safe haven

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      Date
      2026
      Jenis/Type
      Skripsi
      Subtype
      Undergraduate Theses
      Author
      Azahran, Muhammad Ryan
      Alamudi, Aam
      Dito, Gerry Alfa
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      Abstract
      Ketidakpastian ekonomi global mendorong meningkatnya minat terhadap aset safe haven sebagai instrumen lindung nilai, sekaligus memunculkan kebutuhan akan model peramalan harga yang andal. Penelitian ini menganalisis kinerja arsitektur Transformer dan PatchTST dalam meramalkan harga mingguan tiga aset safe haven terhadap rupiah, yaitu XAU/IDR, JPY/IDR, dan CHF/IDR, pada periode Januari 2016 hingga Desember 2025. Data dibagi menggunakan skema expanding window tiga lipatan, dengan dua lipatan pertama digunakan untuk pemilihan konfigurasi hyperparameter dan lipatan ketiga sebagai pengujian akhir tahun 2025. Penskalaan hanya diduga dari data latih pada setiap lipatan untuk mencegah kebocoran informasi. Konfigurasi terpilih adalah PatchTST untuk XAU/IDR serta Transformer untuk JPY/IDR dan CHF/IDR, dengan rata-rata MAPE pada tahap pemilihan sebesar 14,5%, 3,6%, dan 6,0% secara berturut-turut. Pada pengujian akhir tahun 2025, model terpilih memperoleh MAPE sebesar 19,7% untuk XAU/IDR, 5,4% untuk JPY/IDR, dan 8,5% untuk CHF/IDR, seluruhnya lebih rendah dibandingkan Naive Baseline yang mencatat MAPE 23,6%, 6,4%, dan 9,5%. Meskipun demikian, peramalan model terpilih cenderung mendatar dan belum menangkap dinamika harga pada periode dengan pergerakan ekstrem. Pada periode pengujian tahun 2025, konfigurasi model terpilih menghasilkan RMSE dan MAPE yang lebih rendah daripada Naive Baseline pada ketiga aset, namun Naive Baseline tetap merupakan tolok ukur penting yang perlu disertakan dalam evaluasi peramalan aset finansial.
       
      Global economic uncertainty has increased interest in safe haven assets as hedging instruments, along with the need for reliable price forecasting models. This study analyzes the performance of Transformer and PatchTST architectures in forecasting the weekly prices of three safe haven assets against the rupiah, namely XAU/IDR, JPY/IDR, and CHF/IDR, over the period January 2016 to December 2025. The data were partitioned using a three-fold expanding window scheme, in which the first two folds were used for hyperparameter selection and the third fold served as the final test for the year 2025. Scaling parameters were estimated solely from the training data of each fold to prevent information leakage. The selected configurations were PatchTST for XAU/IDR and Transformer for JPY/IDR and CHF/IDR, with average MAPE values at the selection stage of 14.5%, 3.6%, and 6.0%, respectively. On the 2025 final test, the selected models obtained MAPE values of 19.7% for XAU/IDR, 5.4% for JPY/IDR, and 8.5% for CHF/IDR, all lower than the Naive Baseline, which recorded MAPE values of 23.6%, 6.4%, and 9.5%. Nevertheless, the forecasts of the selected models tended to be flat and did not capture price dynamics during periods of extreme movement. Over the 2025 test period, the selected model configurations produced lower RMSE and MAPE than the Naive Baseline for all three assets, yet the Naive Baseline remains an important benchmark that should be included in the evaluation of financial asset forecasting.
       
      URI
      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/179809
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      • UF - Statistics and Data Sciences [174]

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      Copyright © 2020 Library of IPB University
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      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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