Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Biji Gulma Eceng Padi (Monochoria vaginalis (Burm.f.) C.Presl ex Kunth) pada Berbagai Kadar Air Media Tanam

Abstract

Eceng padi (Monochoria vaginalis (Burm.f.) C.Presl ex Kunth) merupakan salah satu gulma pada lahan sawah yang menjadi pesaing tanaman padi dalam memperebutkan unsur hara, air, dan cahaya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh berbagai kadar air media tanam terhadap pertumbuhan vegetatif dan reproduksi (produksi biji) gulma eceng padi. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Rumah Kaca Cikabayan Bawah, IPB University. Percobaan disusun menggunakan Rancangan Kelompok Lengkap Teracak (RKLT) faktor tunggal dengan empat taraf kadar air media tanam 75%, 100%, 125%, dan 150% kapasitas lapang, masing-masing diulang sebanyak empat kali. Parameter yang diamati meliputi jumlah daun, waktu berbunga, jumlah bunga, jumlah buah, bobot basah buah, bobot kering buah, bobot basah gulma, bobot kering gulma, dan jumlah biji. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan eceng padi tetap mampu tumbuh dan bereproduksi pada seluruh taraf kadar air media tanam yang diuji. Perlakuan kadar air media tanam tidak berpengaruh terhadap jumlah daun, waktu berbunga, jumlah bunga, jumlah buah, bobot basah buah, bobot kering buah, bobot basah gulma, bobot kering gulma, maupun jumlah biji. Rentang kadar air media tanam 75% hingga 150% kapasitas lapang masih mampu mendukung pertumbuhan dan reproduksi gulma eceng padi.

Pickerelweed (Monochoria vaginalis (Burm.f.) C.Presl ex Kunth) is a weed in rice fields that competes with rice plants for nutrients, water and light. This research aims to determine the effect of various water levels of planting media on vegetative growth and reproduction (seed production) of pickerelweed. The research was carried out in the Cikabayan Bawah Greenhouse, IPB University. The experiment was structured using a single factor Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with four levels of planting media water content of 75%, 100%, 125% and 150% field capacity, each repeated four times. The parameters observed included the number of leaves, flowering time, number of flowers, number of fruit, fruit wet weight, fruit dry weight, weed wet weight, weed dry weight, and number of seeds. The results of the research showed that pickerelweed was still able to grow and reproduce at all levels of water content in the planting media tested. The water content treatment of the planting medium had no effect on the number of leaves, flowering time, number of flowers, number of fruit, fruit wet weight, fruit dry weight, weed wet weight, weed dry weight, and number of seeds. The planting medium water content range of 75% to 150% field capacity is still able to support the growth and reproduction of pickerelweed.