Estimasi Potensi Abandoned, Lost, and Discarded Fishing Gear pada Perikanan Jaring Rampus di Kali Adem, Muara Angke

Abstract

Jaring rampus di Kali Adem, Muara Angke termasuk dalam jenis jaring insang dan berpotensi mengalami ALDFG (Abandoned, Lost, and Discarded Fishing Gear). Jaring yang mengalami ALDFG menjadi sampah di laut dan dapat menimbulkan fenomena ghost fishing. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengestimasi potensi ALDFG pada perikanan jaring rampus di Kali Adem serta mengidentifikasi faktor penyebab dan upaya untuk meminimalisir dampak negatifnya. Data diambil melalui survei kemudian dianalisis dengan analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan estimasi potensi ALDFG sebanyak 52,80 piece (2.375,88 meter) dan kerugian materi sebesar Rp34.582.236 dalam kurun waktu 1 tahun atau setara dengan 5,28 piece (237,59 meter) dan kerugian materi sebesar Rp3.458.223 tiap bulan. Penyebab ALDFG didominasi oleh tersangkutnya jaring di patok kerang, faktor arus, dan kurangnya komunikasi dengan kapal lain. Upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk mengurangi ALDFG antara lain edukasi dampak negatif ALDFG, penandaan alat tangkap, melaporkan ALDFG ke pihak pelabuhan, pengadaan fasilitas pengumpulan jaring rusak dan pemberian insentif, serta meningkatkan pengawasan di sekitar jalur keluar masuk kapal.

Rampus net at Kali Adem, Muara Angke is classified as gillnet and have the potential to become ALDFG (Abandoned, Lost, and Discarded Fishing Gear). Nets that became ALDFG are going to be marine litter and can cause a phenomenon called ghost fishing. This research aims to estimate the ALDFG potential in gillnet fishery at Kali Adem, also identifying its factors and ways to minimize the negative effects. The data was collected through survey then analyzed with descriptive analysis. The result shows that the estimated ALDFG potential is 52,80 piece (2.375,88 meter) and Rp34.582.236 loss in a year or equivalent to 5,28 piece (237,59 meter) and Rp3.458.223 loss in a month. The cause of ALDFG is dominated by getting stuck with wooden structure of green mussels farming, current factor, and lack of communication with other vessels. Efforts that can be done to reduce ALDFG include education about negative effects of ALDFG, gear marking, reporting ALDFG to the port authorities, create a collecting station for damaged nets, and increase supervision around the vessel’s entry and exit route.