Pemodelan Genangan Banjir pada Sistem Drainase Perumahan Avoria, Kemang, Bogor, menggunakan Software EPA SWMM 5.2

Abstract

Genangan banjir di kawasan permukiman dipengaruhi oleh tingginya curah hujan dan keterbatasan kapasitas sistem drainase. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis kondisi eksisting sistem drainase, memodelkan genangan banjir menggunakan Environmental Protection Agency Storm Water Management Model (EPA SWMM) 5.2, serta mengevaluasi efektivitas Low Impact Development (LID) berupa sumur resapan di Perumahan Avoria, Kecamatan Kemang, Kabupaten Bogor. Analisis hidrologi menggunakan data curah hujan maksimum periode 2016- 2025 dengan distribusi Log Pearson Tipe III sehingga diperoleh curah hujan rencana 2 tahun sebesar 131,25 mm dan curah hujan ekstrem Agustus 2025 sebesar 254,20 mm. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan terdapat 3–5 conduit yang meluap pada kondisi curah hujan 2 tahun dan 12 conduit pada kondisi curah hujan ekstrem. Penerapan 202 unit sumur resapan mampu menurunkan limpasan permukaan sebesar 33,33–75,00% pada kondisi 2 tahun dan 4,17–37,50% pada kondisi ekstrem, serta mengurangi jumlah conduit yang meluap. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sumur resapan efektif meningkatkan kinerja sistem drainase dan mengurangi potensi genangan banjir.

Flood inundation in residential areas is influenced by high rainfall intensity and limited drainage system capacity. This study aimed to analyze the existing drainage system, simulate flood inundation using the Environmental Protection Agency Storm Water Management Model (EPA SWMM) 5.2, and evaluate the effectiveness of Low Impact Development (LID) through infiltration wells in Avoria Housing Estate, Kemang, Bogor. Hydrological analysis used annual maximum rainfall data from 2016–2025 with the Log Pearson Type III distribution, resulting in a 2-year design rainfall of 131.25 mm and an extreme rainfall event of 254.20 mm in August 2025. Simulation results showed 3–5 surcharged conduits under the 2-year rainfall scenario and 12 surcharged conduits under the extreme rainfall scenario. The implementation of 202 infiltration wells reduced surface runoff by 33.33–75.00% under the 2-year rainfall scenario and 4.17–37.50% under the extreme rainfall scenario, while also reducing the number of surcharged conduits. The results indicate that infiltration wells effectively improve drainage system performance and reduce flood inundation potential.