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      Viabilitas Serbuk Sari terhadap Keberhasilan Pembentukan Buah dan Mutu Benih Paria Belut (Trichosanthes cucumerina L.)

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      Date
      2026
      Jenis/Type
      Skripsi
      Subtype
      Undergraduate Theses
      Author
      Yusuf, Muhamad Rifa
      Widajati, Eny
      Permatasari, Okti Syah Isyani
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      Abstract
      Paria belut (Trichosanthes cucumerina L.) merupakan tanaman famili Cucurbitaceae yang keberhasilan reproduksinya sangat dipengaruhi oleh viabilitas serbuk sari. Serbuk sari yang viabel mampu berkecambah, membentuk tabung serbuk sari, dan membuahi bakal biji sehingga fertilisasi dapat berlangsung. Kemampuan simpan serbuk sari berbeda antar spesies, sehingga berpengaruh terhadap keberhasilan pembentukan buah dan benih. Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari pengaruh viabilitas serbuk sari terhadap keberhasilan pembentukan buah dan mutu benih paria belut. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok dengan lima taraf lama penyimpanan serbuk sari (0, 2, 4, 6, dan 8 hari) dengan tiga ulangan. Viabilitas serbuk sari diuji secara in vitro menggunakan media perkecambahan dengan komposisi 5 g sukrosa, 10 mg boron, 25 mg CaCl2, 32 mg KH2PO4, dan 3 g PEG 4000 dalam 100 ml akuabides, sedangkan keberhasilan reproduksi diamati melalui pembentukan buah, karakter buah dan benih, serta mutu fisiologis benih. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penyimpanan serbuk sari berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap viabilitas serbuk sari paria belut. Viabilitas serbuk sari menurun secara cepat dari 58,9% pada kondisi segar menjadi 0,0% setelah dua hari penyimpanan. Persentase serbuk sari lisis meningkat seiring bertambahnya lama penyimpanan. Penyerbukan menggunakan serbuk sari segar menghasilkan buah dengan karakter rata-rata panjang 68,84 cm, diameter 30,34 mm, bobot 333,43 g, jumlah biji total 53 butir per buah, dan 46 biji bernas per buah. Benih yang dihasilkan dari penyerbukan menggunakan serbuk sari segar memiliki mutu fisiologis dengan daya berkecambah sebesar 54%, potensi tumbuh maksimum 74%, kecepatan tumbuh 5,36% KN etmal-1.
       
      Snake gourd (Trichosanthes cucumerina L.) is a member of the Cucurbitaceae family whose reproductive success is heavily influenced by pollen viability. Viable pollen is capable of germinating, forming pollen tubes, and fertilizing ovules so that fertilization can take place. Pollen storage capacity varies among species, thereby affecting the success of fruit and seed set. This study aimed to examine the effect of pollen viability on fruit set success and seed quality of snake gourd. The research used a randomized block design with five levels of pollen storage duration (0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 days) replicated three times. Pollen viability was tested in vitro using a germination medium composed of 5 g sucrose, 10 mg boron, 25 mg CaCl2, 32 mg KH2PO4, and 3 g PEG 4000 in 100 ml distilled water, while reproductive success was evaluated through fruit set, fruit and seed characteristics, and seed physiological quality. The results showed that pollen storage had a highly significant effect on the pollen viability of snake gourd. Pollen viability decreased rapidly from 58.9% in fresh condition to 0.0% after two days of storage. The percentage of lysed pollen increased with longer storage duration. Pollination using fresh pollen produced fruit with an average length of 68.84 cm, diameter of 30.34 mm, weight of 333.43 g, total seed count of 53 seeds per fruit, and 46 filled seeds per fruit. Seeds produced from pollination using fresh pollen exhibited physiological quality with a germination rate of 54%, maximum growth potential of 74%, and a growth speed of 5.36% normal seedlings per day.
       
      URI
      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/179359
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      • UF - Agronomy and Horticulture [7765]

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