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      Studi Genetik dan Seleksi pada Populasi F5 Sorgum (Sorghum bicolor [L]. Moench) Hasil Persilangan Pulut 3 x Kawali

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      Date
      2026
      Jenis/Type
      Skripsi
      Subtype
      Undergraduate Theses
      Author
      AFIFURRAHMAN
      Wirnas, Desta
      Marwiyah, Siti
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      Abstract
      Sorgum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) merupakan komoditas potensial yang perlu dikembangkan melalui program pemuliaan untuk merakit varietas unggul baru. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari keragaan fenotipe, heritabilitas, aksi gen, serta melakukan seleksi genotipe harapan pada populasi F5 hasil persilangan Pulut 3 x Kawali. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Oktober 2025 hingga Februari 2026 di Kebun Percobaan Sawah Baru IPB University, Dramaga, Bogor. Evaluasi genetik menunjukkan bahwa populasi F5 memiliki keragaman genetik yang luas dengan nilai heritabilitas arti luas (h2bs) yang tergolong tinggi untuk semua karakter kuantitatif yang diamati (61,54 - 98,94%). Analisis kemenjuluran (skewness) dan keruncingan (kurtosis) menunjukkan bahwa karakter utama komponen hasil, yaitu bobot biji per malai, dikendalikan oleh aksi gen epistasis komplementer. Karakter bobot biji per malai ini memiliki korelasi positif yang sangat kuat dan nyata dengan bobot kering malai (r = 0,96) dan diameter malai (r = 0,70). Melalui metode seleksi langsung berbasis bobot biji per malai dengan intensitas seleksi 20%, berhasil dipilih 26 genotipe tanaman harapan yang mampu meningkatkan nilai tengah komponen hasil utama tersebut sebesar 86,27%. Sebanyak 26 genotipe harapan terpilih ini direkomendasikan untuk dievaluasi lebih lanjut pada generasi F6 guna mencapai tingkat homozigositas yang lebih stabil.
       
      Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) is a potential commodity that needs to be developed through breeding programs to create new superior varieties. This study aimed to investigate the phenotypic performance, heritability, gene action, and to selection of promising genotypes in the F5 population derived from the cross of Pulut 3 x Kawali. The research was conducted from October 2025 to February 2026 at the Sawah Baru Experimental Field, IPB University, Dramaga, Bogor. Genetic evaluation showed that the F5 population possessed a broad genetic diversity, with high broad-sense heritability (h2bs) values for all observed quantitative characters (61.54 – 98.94%). Skewness and kurtosis analyses indicated that the primary yield component character, namely grain weight per panicle, was controlled by complementary epistatic gene action. This grain weight per panicle character had a very strong and significant positive correlation with dry panicle weight (r = 0.96) and panicle diameter (r = 0.70). Through the direct selection method based on grain weight per panicle at a 20% selection intensity, 26 promising crop genotypes were successfully selected, which increased the mean value of the primary yield component by 86.27. These 26 selected promising genotypes are recommended for further evaluation in the F6 generation to achieve more stable level of homozygosity.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/179337
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      • UF - Agronomy and Horticulture [7765]

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      Copyright © 2020 Library of IPB University
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      Contact Us | Send Feedback
      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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