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      Optimalisasi Pemanfaatan Hutan Pada Perizinan Berusaha Pemanfaatan Hutan PT Kiani Lestari di Kabupaten Kutai Timur, Provinsi Kalimantan Timur

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      Date
      2026
      Jenis/Type
      Tesis
      Subtype
      Theses
      Author
      SETIAJI, BARKAH
      Rusolono, Teddy
      Perdinan
      Yovi, Efi Yuliati
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      Abstract
      Pemanfaatan hutan pada areal Perizinan Berusaha Pemanfaatan Hutan (PBPH) PT Kiani Lestari saat ini masih didominasi oleh pemanfaatan hasil hutan kayu tumbuh alami (HHK-TA) dengan sistem silvikultur Tebang Pilih Tanam Indonesia (TPTI). Namun, periode 2022–2024 menunjukkan capaian yang sangat rendah, masing-masing sebesar 1,48%, 10,94%, dan 0,63% dari target. Kondisi ini disebabkan oleh keterbatasan potensi tegakan, luasnya areal bekas tebangan (logged over area/LOA), serta belum optimalnya penerapan diversifikasi usaha kehutanan. Di sisi lain, tersedia potensi pengembangan multiusaha kehutanan pada areal non-hutan dan lahan terdegradasi di dalam konsesi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor penyebab rendahnya produksi HHK-TA, mengidentifikasi alternatif dan strategi optimalisasi pemanfaatan hutan melalui pendekatan multiusaha kehutanan, serta menyusun perencanaan dan proyeksi pengembangan usaha kehutanan pada areal PBPH PT Kiani Lestari. Metode penelitian yang digunakan meliputi analisis fishbone untuk mengidentifikasi akar penyebab permasalahan, analisis SWOT untuk merumuskan strategi pengelolaan, Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) dengan pendekatan Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) untuk menentukan prioritas alternatif usaha, Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA) dan Payback Period (PP) untuk menilai kelayakan ekonomi, serta pendekatan interpretasi spasial untuk penataan areal kerja. Analisis juga dilengkapi dengan proyeksi dan sensitivitas untuk menguji ketahanan skenario pengembangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rendahnya kinerja produksi HHK-TA dipengaruhi oleh faktor sumber daya manusia, keterbatasan alat, metode perencanaan yang belum berbasis kapasitas, lemahnya sistem monitoring, serta kondisi lingkungan dan regulasi. Hasil analisis AHP menunjukkan bahwa hutan tanaman (HT) merupakan alternatif prioritas utama, diikuti oleh silvopastura dan HHK-TA. Namun, hasil analisis CBA menunjukkan bahwa hanya silvopastura yang layak secara finansial, dengan nilai NPV positif, BCR > 1, dan IRR di atas tingkat diskonto, sementara HT dan HHK-TA belum layak pada kondisi baseline. Analisis spasial menunjukkan bahwa kawasan memiliki heterogenitas biofisik yang memungkinkan pengembangan zonasi pemanfaatan berupa HHK-TA, HT, dan silvopastura. Analisis sensitivitas menunjukkan bahwa variabel harga dan produktivitas merupakan faktor paling berpengaruh terhadap kelayakan usaha. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, strategi optimalisasi pemanfaatan kawasan PBPH PT Kiani Lestari dilakukan melalui pendekatan multiusaha kehutanan secara terintegrasi, dengan menempatkan HT sebagai usaha utama, silvopastura sebagai penopang ekonomi, dan HHK-TA sebagai fungsi ekologis. Pendekatan ini diharapkan mampu meningkatkan produktivitas kawasan, nilai ekonomi, serta keberlanjutan pengelolaan hutan. Kata kunci: analisis kelayakan, kehutanan berkelanjutan, multiusaha kehutanan, optimalisasi pemanfaatan hutan, silvopastura.
       
      Forest utilization within the Forest Utilization Business Permit (PBPH) area of PT Kiani Lestari is currently still dominated by natural forest timber harvesting (HHK-TA) under the Indonesian Selective Cutting and Planting System (TPTI). However, during the period 2022–2024, production performance was very low, reaching only 1.48%, 10.94%, and 0.63% of the targets, respectively. This condition is attributed to limited stand potential, the extensive presence of logged-over areas (LOA), and the suboptimal implementation of forestry business diversification. On the other hand, there is potential for developing multi-business forestry on non-forest areas and degraded lands within the concession. This study aims to analyze the factors causing low HHK-TA production, identify alternative strategies for optimizing forest utilization through a multi-business forestry approach, and develop planning and projections for forestry business development within the PBPH area of PT Kiani Lestari. The research methods employed include fishbone analysis to identify root causes of the problem, SWOT analysis to formulate management strategies, Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) to determine priority alternatives, Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA) and Payback Period (PP) to assess economic feasibility, and a spatial interpretative approach for forest area allocation. The analysis is further supported by projection and sensitivity analysis to evaluate the robustness of development scenarios. The results indicate that the low performance of HHK-TA production is influenced by factors such as human resources, limited equipment, planning methods that are not capacity-based, weak monitoring systems, as well as environmental and regulatory constraints. The AHP results show that industrial forest plantations (HT) are the top priority alternative, followed by silvopasture and HHK-TA. However, the CBA results reveal that only silvopasture is financially feasible, with a positive NPV, BCR greater than 1, and IRR above the discount rate, while HT and HHK-TA are not feasible under baseline conditions. Spatial analysis indicates that the area has heterogeneous biophysical conditions, allowing for the development of utilization zoning comprising HHK-TA, HT, and silvopasture. Sensitivity analysis shows that price and productivity are the most influential variables affecting business feasibility. Based on these findings, the optimal strategy for forest utilization in the PBPH area of PT Kiani Lestari is through an integrated multi-business forestry approach, positioning HT as the main business, silvopasture as an economic support, and HHK-TA as an ecological function. This approach is expected to enhance productivity, economic value, and the sustainability of forest management. Keywords: economic feasibility analysis, forest utilization optimization, multi-business forestry, silvopasture, sustainable forest management.
       
      URI
      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/179261
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      Copyright © 2020 Library of IPB University
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      Contact Us | Send Feedback
      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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