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      Pengaruh Dosis dan Waktu Pemupukan Jagung Manis dan Cabai Rawit pada Pola Tanam Tumpang Sari

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      Date
      2026
      Jenis/Type
      Skripsi
      Subtype
      Undergraduate Theses
      Author
      ARDANTY, DANNA LINTANG
      Chozin, Muhamad Achmad
      Ritonga, Arya Widura
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      Abstract
      Jagung manis (Zea mays saccharata S.) dan cabai rawit (Capsicum frutescens L.) merupakan komoditas pertanian bernilai ekonomi yang memiliki permintaan tinggi. Peningkatan produktivitas kedua komoditas pada lahan terbatas dapat dilakukan melalui sistem tumpang sari, tetapi perbedaan karakter pertumbuhan dan kebutuhan hara menyebabkan pengelolaan pemupukan perlu disesuaikan dengan kondisi pertumbuhan masing-masing tanaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi pertumbuhan dan daya hasil serta menganalisis kelayakan ekonomi tanaman jagung manis dan cabai rawit dengan dosis dan waktu pemupukan yang berbeda pada pola tanam tumpang sari. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Tajur, PKHT IPB University pada September 2025–April 2026 di agroklimat dataran rendah tropis dengan kondisi lingkungan yang mendukung pertumbuhan jagung manis dan cabai rawit, ditandai oleh suhu udara hangat, kelembapan relatif yang cukup tinggi, dan ketersediaan cahaya yang memadai. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Kelompok Lengkap Teracak (RKLT) satu faktor dengan delapan perlakuan dan tiga ulangan. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis ragam (ANOVA) dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT) pada taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kombinasi dosis pada jagung manis yaitu Urea 225 kg ha?¹, SP-36 200 kg ha?¹, KCl 150 kg ha?¹ dan cabai rawit NPK 16:16:16 2.000 kg ha?¹ setiap minggu menghasilkan produktivitas jagung manis tertinggi (16,11 ton ha?¹) dan cabai rawit (1,93 ton ha?¹) dengan R/C ratio 1,93, serta meningkatkan efisiensi penggunaan pupuk nitrogen ±25% dibanding dosis penuh. Hasil analisis ekonomi menunjukkan bahwa seluruh perlakuan layak secara ekonomi, yang ditunjukkan oleh nilai R/C ratio > 1. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa pengelolaan dosis dan waktu pemupukan yang tepat tidak hanya menjaga hasil jagung manis tetap stabil, tetapi juga mengurangi kompetisi antar tanaman sehingga produktivitas cabai rawit meningkat. Penelitian ini berkontribusi pada pengembangan manajemen hara sistem tumpang sari di wilayah tropis.
       
      Sweet corn (Zea mays saccharata S.) and cayenne pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.) are economically valuable agricultural commodities with high demand. Productivity of both crops on limited land can be increased through intercropping systems, However, differences in growth characteristics and nutrient requirements mean that fertilizer management must be tailored to the growth conditions of each crop. This study aims to evaluate the growth and yield potential and to analyze the economic viability of sweet corn and cayenne pepper under different fertilizer rates and application timings in an intercropping system. The study was conducted at the Tajur Experimental Farm, PKHT IPB University, from September 2025 to April 2026 in a tropical lowland agroclimate with environmental conditions conducive to the growth of sweet corn and chili peppers, characterized by warm air temperatures, relatively high humidity, and adequate light availability. This study used a one-factor completely randomized block design (CRBD) with eight treatments and three replications. The data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at the 5% significance level. The results of the study showed that a combination of doses for sweet corn namely, 225 kg ha?¹ of urea, 200 kg ha?¹ of SP-36, 150 kg ha?¹ of KCl, and 2,000 kg ha?¹ of NPK 16:16:16 for cayenne peppers applied weekly yielded the highest sweet corn productivity (16.11 metric tons ha?¹) and cayenne peppers (1.93 metric tons ha?¹) with an R/C ratio of 1.93, while also increasing nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency by approximately 25% compared to the full dose. Economic analysis results indicate that all treatments are economically viable, as evidenced by an R/C ratio > 1. These findings confirm that proper management of fertilizer dosage and timing not only maintains stable sweet corn yields but also reduces competition among plants, thereby increasing cayenne pepper productivity. This study contributes to the development of nutrient management in intercropping systems in tropical regions.
       
      URI
      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/179189
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      • UF - Agronomy and Horticulture [7765]

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      Copyright © 2020 Library of IPB University
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      Contact Us | Send Feedback
      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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