Toleransi Galur Mutan Bawang Merah Asal Varietas Bima dan Trisula terhadap Cekaman Kekeringan.
Date
2026Jenis/Type
SkripsiSubtype
Undergraduate ThesesAuthor
RAMADHANI, NABILA PUTRI
Purwoko, Bambang Sapta
Purnamaningsih, Ragapadmi
Metadata
Show full item recordAbstract
Bawang merah (Allium cepa L. var. aggregatum) merupakan komoditas
hortikultura penting di Indonesia, namun produktivitasnya sering mengalami
fluktuasi akibat perubahan iklim, terutama cekaman kekeringan. Penelitian ini
bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi respon pertumbuhan dan karakter agronomi dua
belas galur mutan bawang merah terhadap cekaman kekeringan serta
membandingkannya dengan varietas asal untuk mengidentifikasi genotipe yang
berpotensi toleran kekeringan. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Rumah Kaca BRMP
Biogen, Bogor, pada September–Desember 2025 menggunakan rancangan split
plot, ulangan sebagai kelompok. Faktor utama adalah tingkat kapasitas lapang, yaitu
100% kapasitas lapang (KL100), 80% kapasitas lapang (KL80), dan 60% kapasitas
lapang (KL60), sedangkan anak petak adalah 14 genotipe bawang merah yang
terdiri atas 12 galur mutan dan 2 varietas asal (Bima dan Trisula). Hasil penelitian
menunjukkan bahwa cekaman kekeringan menurunkan sebagian besar karakter
pertumbuhan dan komponen hasil. Interaksi kapasitas lapang dan genotipe terjadi pada
tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, tinggi batang semu, bobot basah dan kering tanaman,
jumlah umbi, serta diameter umbi. Genotipe G8 (B6GY-2) mampu
mempertahankan pertumbuhan vegetatif lebih baik, sedangkan G9 (B6GY-6)
menghasilkan bobot tanaman dan bobot umbi tertinggi pada kondisi cekaman.
Berdasarkan bobot relatif kering umbi, G1 tergolong toleran pada KL80, sedangkan
G9 merupakan genotipe mutan paling berpotensi toleran pada kondisi kekeringan,
sementara KL80 lebih efektif membedakan tingkat toleransi antar genotipe. Shallot (Allium cepa L. var. aggregatum) is an important horticultural
commodity in Indonesia; however, its productivity often fluctuates due to drought
stress. This study aimed to evaluate the growth response and agronomic
characteristics of twelve mutant lines of shallot under drought stress and to
compare them with the original varieties in order to identify potentially drought
tolerant genotypes. The research was conducted in the greenhouse of BRMP
Biogen, Bogor, from September to December 2025 using a split plot design, with
replicate as block. The main plot was field capacity level consisting of 100% field
capacity (KL100), 80% field capacity (KL80), and 60% field capacity (KL60), while
the subplots consisted of 14 shallot genotypes including 12 mutant lines and two
original varieties (Bima and Trisula). The results showed that drought stress
reduced most growth characteristics and yield components. Significant field
capacity x genotype interactions were observed for plant height, leaf number,
pseudostem height, fresh and dry plant weight, bulb number, and bulb diameter.
Genotype G8 (B6GY-2) maintained better vegetative growth, whereas G9 (B6GY-6)
produced the highest plant and tuber weights under stress conditions. Based on
relative bulb dry weight, G1 was classified as drought-tolerant at 80% field
capacity (KL80), while G9 was identified as the mutant genotype with the greatest
potential for drought tolerance under drought stress. Moreover, 80% field capacity
(KL80) was found to be the most appropriate stress level for discriminating drought
tolerance among the evaluated genotype.

