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      Potensi Cendawan Endofit Asal Bunga Jantan Pepaya (Carica papaya L.) sebagai Agen Antibakteri dan Antioksidan

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      Date
      2026
      Author
      Wisaksono, Zaratisyah Rizky
      Listiyowati, Sri
      Astuti, Rika Indri
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      Abstract
      Bunga jantan tanaman pepaya dimanfaatkan sebagai pangan fungsional dan obat tradisional karena kandungan senyawa bioaktifnya. Namun, informasi mengenai cendawan endofit dari organ tersebut dan aktivitas biologisnya belum pernah diteliti. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengisolasi cendawan endofit asal bunga jantan dan mengevaluasi aktivitas antibakteri serta antioksidannya. Aktivitas antibakteri diuji menggunakan metode agar plug terhadap Escherichia coli ATCC 8739 dan Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538, sedangkan aktivitas antioksidan ditentukan menggunakan metode DPPH dan nilai IC50. Isolat dengan aktivitas biologis paling baik diidentifikasi berdasarkan karakteristik makroskopis dan mikroskopis. Aktivitas antibakteri diamati pada isolat BP1, BP3, BP4, dan BP5. Aktivitas paling tinggi pada hari ke-1 tampak pada isolat BP3 dengan diameter zona hambat 3,16 ± 0,50 mm terhadap E. coli ATCC 8739 dan 3,74 ± 0,75 mm terhadap S. aureus ATCC 6538, masing-masing dikategorikan aktivitas lemah. Ekstrak BP4 dan BP5 sebesar 10 mg/mL menunjukkan inhibisi DPPH di atas 70%, dengan nilai IC50 masing-masing sebesar 848,62 ± 6,20 dan 677,19 ± 7,78 µg/mL. Isolat BP3 diduga sebagai Curvularia sp., sedangkan isolat BP4 dan BP5 diduga sebagai miselium steril dan kelompok dark septate endophytes (DSE). Penelitian ini menunjukkan potensi cendawan endofit asal bunga jantan sebagai agen antibakteri bakteriostatik dan sumber senyawa antioksidan dengan aktivitas yang masih rendah.
       
      Male flowers of papaya plants are utilized as functional food and medicine but their associated endophytic fungi remain unexplored. This study aimed to isolate endophytic fungi from male flowers and evaluate their antibacterial and antioxidant activities. Antibacterial activity was assessed using the agar plug method against Escherichia coli ATCC 8739 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538, while antioxidant activity was determined using the DPPH assay and IC50 values. The isolate with the best biological activity was identified based on its macroscopic and microscopic characteristics.. Antibacterial activity was observed in isolates BP1, BP3, BP4, and BP5, with isolate BP3 showing the highest activity on day 1 with inhibition zone diameters of 3.16 ± 0.50 mm against E. coli ATCC 8739 and 3.74 ± 0.75 mm against S. aureus ATCC 6538. Extracts of BP4 and BP5 showed antioxidant activity at 10 mg/mL with DPPH inhibition above 70% and IC50 values of 848.62 ± 6.20 and 677.19 ± 7.78 µg/mL, respectively. Isolate BP3 was identified as Curvularia sp., whereas BP4 and BP5 appeared as sterile mycelia and assigned to the dark septate endophyte (DSE) group. These findings indicate the potential of endophytic fungi from male flowers as bacteriostatic antibacterial agents and sources of antioxidant compounds, although with low activities.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/179168
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