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      STATUS PENGELOLAAN PERIKANAN TUNA LONGLINE DENGAN PENDEKATAN EKOSISTEM YANG BERBASIS DI PELABUHAN PERIKANAN SAMUDERA CILACAP

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      Date
      2026
      Author
      Azzahra, Iftitah Aura
      Wahju, Ronny Irawan
      Taurusman, Am Azbas
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      Abstract
      Perikanan tuna di Samudera Hindia berada di bawah tekanan ekologis yang cukup tinggi akibat adanya indikasi penangkapan berlebih (overfishing), tingginya proporsi tuna yang belum layak tangkap (juvenile catches), serta hasil tangkapan sampingan (bycatch) yang melibatkan spesies yang terancam, dilindungi, dan rentan (Endangered, Threatened, and Protected/ETP). Permasalahan tersebut berpotensi memengaruhi keberlanjutan sumber daya tuna serta pengelolaan perikanan di Wilayah Pengelolaan Perikanan Negara Republik Indonesia 573 (WPPNRI 573). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi status pengelolaan perikanan tuna longline yang berbasis di PPS Cilacap berdasarkan pendekatan EAFM serta merumuskan opsi tindakan pengelolaan (management measures) sebagai upaya mendukung pengelolaan perikanan yang berkelanjutan. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode deskriptif menggunakan analisis indeks komposit melalui sistem penilaian terhadap enam domain EAFM, yaitu sumber daya ikan, habitat dan ekosistem perairan, ekonomi, sosial, teknik penangkapan ikan, dan kelembagaan. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi lapangan, wawancara terstruktur, penyebaran kuesioner, dan telaah dokumen. Hasil penilaian menunjukkan bahwa domain sumber daya ikan (nilai komposit 59,71), habitat dan ekosistem perairan (51,67), dan ekonomi (51,52) berada pada kategori "sedang". Sementara itu, domain kelembagaan (78,94) berada pada kategori "baik", sedangkan domain sosial (87,90) dan teknik penangkapan ikan (81,38) berada pada kategori "sangat baik". Secara keseluruhan, status pengelolaan perikanan tuna longline yang berbasis di PPS Cilacap termasuk dalam kategori "baik", dengan nilai komposit sebesar 68,52. Meskipun demikian, capaian yang masih berada pada kategori sedang pada domain sumber daya ikan, habitat dan ekosistem perairan, serta domain ekonomi menunjukkan perlunya penguatan tindakan pengelolaan, terutama melalui pengendalian tekanan penangkapan, pengurangan hasil tangkapan sampingan (bycatch), peningkatan pemantauan sumber daya perikanan, serta perbaikan sistem bagi hasil. Temuan penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi dasar ilmiah dalam mendukung penerapan pengelolaan berbasis ekosistem dan penyusunan kebijakan untuk mewujudkan perikanan tuna longline yang berkelanjutan.
       
      The tuna fishery in the Indian Ocean is under considerable ecological pressure due to signs of overfishing, a high proportion of juvenile catches, and bycatch involving endangered, threatened, and protected (ETP) species. These issues potentially impact the sustainability of tuna resources and fisheries management in Fisheries Management Area 573 (WPPNRI 573). This study aimed to evaluate the management status of the tuna longline fishery based at PPS Cilacap using the EAFM framework and to formulate appropriate management measures to support sustainable fisheries management. A descriptive method employing a composite index assessment was utilized, incorporating a scoring system across six EAFM domains: fishery resources, aquatic habitats and ecosystems, economy, social, fishing techniques, and institutional. Data collection involved field observations, structured interviews, questionnaires, and document reviews. The assessment revealed that the domains of fishery resources (composite scores of 59.71), aquatic habitats and ecosystems (51.67), and economy (51.52) achieved ‘moderate’ status. Conversely, the institutional (78.94) domain was ‘good condition’, the social (87.90) and fishing techniques (81.38) domains were ‘very good’ condition. Overall, the management status of the longline tuna fishery at Cilacap Ocean Fishing Port was classified as ‘good’ status, with a composite score of 68.52. Nonetheless, the moderate performance in the fishery resources, aquatic habitats and ecosystems, and economic domains highlights the necessity to enhance management measures, particularly by controlling fishing pressure, reducing bycatch, improving fishery resource monitoring, and improving the profit-sharing system to enhance fishers' welfare. These findings provide scientific evidence to support the implementation of ecosystem management and the development of policy for sustainable tuna longline fisheries.
       
      URI
      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/178961
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      • MF - Fisheries [3359]

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      Copyright © 2020 Library of IPB University
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      Contact Us | Send Feedback
      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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      Universitas Jember Digital Repository