Dampak Sistem Bagi Hasil terhadap Daya Beli Awak Kapal Purse Seine 100-250 GT di Pelabuhan Perikanan Samudera Nizam Zachman

Abstract

Awak kapal purse seine di PPS Nizam Zachman termasuk ke dalam kategori miskin akibat rendahnya pendapatan dari hasil operasi penangkapan ikan. Pendapatan awak kapal purse seine rendah akibat sistem bagi hasil yang berlaku belum mempertimbangkan beban kerja, jumlah awak kapal dan prinsip berkeadilan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeksripsikan beban kerja awak kapal, mengevaluasi sistem bagi hasil, serta mengevaluasi dampak sistem bagi hasil terhadap daya beli awak kapal. Metode penelitian menggunakan observasi dan wawancara terskruktur serta purposive sampling. Data di analisis secara deskriptif, komparatif dan analisis NTN. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa beban kerja yang paling berat ditanggung oleh nahkoda, sedangkan beban kerja paling ringan yaitu ABK biasa. Sistem bagi hasil yang berlaku diatur oleh PKL dengan proporsi 60% pemilik kapal dan 40% awak kapal. Namun perlu adanya perbaikan karena banyaknya jumlah awak kapal menjadikan proporsi bagi hasil menjadi sangat kecil dan tidak berkeadilan. Persentase NTN nahkoda tinggi, namun persentase pada responden NTN KKM, juru masak dan ABK biasa tergolong rendah. Hal tersebut terjadi akibat penerimaan yang diperoleh nahkoda sangat besar dibandingkan awak kapal lainnya. Oleh karena itu, para pemangku kepentingan perlu serius dalam perumusan sistem bagi hasil yang lebih ideal, agar permasalahan lemahnya daya beli awak kapal dapat teratasi dengan baik.

The crew of the purse seine vessel PPS Nizam Zachman falls into the category of the poor due to low income from fishing operations. The crew’s income is low because the current profit-sharing system does not take into account their workload, the number of crew members, or the principle of fairness. The purpose of this study is to describe the crew’s workload, evaluate the profit sharing system, and assess the impact of the profit-sharing system on the crew’s purchasing power. The research methods used included observation, structured interviews, and purposive sampling. Data were analyzed using descriptive, comparative, and NTN analyses. The results show that the heaviest workload is borne by the captain, while the lightest workload is borne by ordinary crew members. The current profit-sharing system is regulated by the PKL with a 60% share for the shipowner and a 40% share for the crew. However, improvements are needed because the large number of crew members results in a very small and unfair profit-sharing proportion. The NTN percentage for the captain is high, but the NTN percentages for the chief engineer, cook, and ordinary crew members are relatively low. This occurs because the captain’s earnings are significantly higher than those of other crew members. Therefore, stakeholders need to seriously formulate a more ideal profit-sharing system so that the issue of the crew’s weak purchasing power can be effectively addressed.