Pengaruh Perbedaan Warna Kerabang Telur Ayam Ross dari Umur Induk yang Berbeda terhadap Performa Penetasan

Abstract

ABSTRAK

DEBRIA DE LABIBA. Pengaruh Perbedaan Warna Kerabang Telur Ayam Ross dari Umur Induk yang Berbeda terhadap Performa Penetasan. Dibimbing oleh SARI PUTRI DEWI.

Keberhasilan penetasan telur ayam broiler dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor, diantaranya umur induk dan warna kerabang telur yang berkaitan dengan kualitas telur tetas serta perkembangan embrio. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh umur induk, warna kerabang telur, dan interaksi keduanya terhadap performa penetasan. Sebanyak 600 butir telur tetas ayam broiler strain Ross yang berasal dari induk umur 28 dan 52 minggu digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Telur dikelompokkan berdasarkan warna kerabang terang dan gelap dalam Rancangan Acak Lengkap pola faktorial 2 × 2 dengan tiga ulangan. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis ragam, dan uji lanjut dengan uji Tukey pada taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa umur induk berpengaruh nyata terhadap fertilitas dan bobot tetas DOC, sedangkan warna kerabang telur berpengaruh nyata terhadap daya tetas, mortalitas embrio, dan bobot tetas DOC. Telur dari induk umur 28 minggu menghasilkan fertilitas tertinggi, sedangkan telur berkerabang gelap menunjukkan daya tetas dan bobot tetas DOC lebih tinggi serta mortalitas embrio lebih rendah. Interaksi umur induk dan warna kerabang telur tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap seluruh peubah yang diamati.

Kata kunci: broiler, performa penetasan, strain Ross, umur induk ayam, warna kerabang telur

ABSTRACT

DEBRIA DE LABIBA. The Effect of Differences in Ross Broiler Eggshell Color from Breeders of Different Ages on Hatching Performance. Supervised by SARI PUTRI DEWI.

The success of broiler egg incubation is influenced by several factors, including breeder age and eggshell color, which are associated with hatching egg quality and embryo development. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of breeder age, eggshell color, and their interaction on the hatching performance of broiler chickens. A total of 600 Ross broiler hatching eggs obtained from breeders aged 28 and 52 weeks were used in this study. Eggs were classified into light- and dark-shelled groups and arranged in a 2 × 2 factorial Completely Randomized Design with three replications. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance followed by Tukey’s test at the 5% significance level. The results showed that breeder age significantly affected fertility and chick hatch weight, whereas eggshell color significantly affected hatchability, embryonic mortality, and chick hatch weight. Eggs from 28-week-old breeders exhibited the highest fertility, while dark-shelled eggs showed higher hatchability and chick hatch weight as well as lower embryonic mortality. No significant interaction between breeder age and eggshell color was observed for all measured variables.

Keywords: breeder age, broiler, eggshell color, hatching performance, Ross strain