Pengaruh Interval dan Lama Pencahayaan terhadap Performa Ayam di Kandang Tertutup

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh interval dan lama waktu pencahayaan dengan pemadaman terjadwal terhadap performa produksi ayam broiler pada kandang tertutup. Penelitian dilakukan selama 40 hari menggunakan populasi 46.000 ekor ayam broiler dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri atas dua perlakuan dan empat ulangan. Perlakuan meliputi P0 (pemadaman pukul 18.00-20.00 WIB) dan P1 (pemadaman pukul 18.00-19.00 WIB serta 01.00-02.00 WIB). Parameter yang diamati meliputi bobot badan akhir, Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR), mortalitas, dan Income Over Feed and Chick Cost (IOFCC). Data dianalisis menggunakan Uji t. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa P1 menghasilkan bobot badan akhir dan nilai IOFCC yang lebih tinggi, serta FCR dan mortalitas yang lebih rendah dibandingkan P0. Disimpulkan bahwa pemadaman lampu terjadwal berpotensi meningkatkan performa produksi dan efisiensi ekonomi ayam broiler pada sistem tertutup.

Kata kunci: ayam broiler, kandang tertutup, FCR, IOFCC, program pencahayaan

This study aimed to analyze the effect of lighting intervals and scheduled dark periods on the production performance of broiler chickens reared in a close house system. The study was conducted over one production cycle (40 days) using 46,000 broiler chickens in a Completely Randomized Design with two treatments and four replications. Treatment P0 applied a dark period from 18:00 to 20:00, while P1 applied scheduled dark periods from 18:00 to 19:00 and 01:00 to 02:00. Observed parameters included final body weight, Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR), mortality, and Income Over Feed and Chick Cost (IOFCC). Data were analyzed using One-Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The results showed that P1 produced higher final body weight and IOFCC, as well as lower FCR and mortality than P0. It was concluded that scheduled lighting with intermittent dark periods has the potential to improve production performance and economic efficiency in broiler chickens reared under a close house system.

Keywords: broiler chicken, closed house, FCR, IOFCC, lighting program