Pengaruh Tepung Daun Kelor terhadap Respon Fisiologis dan Performa Ternak Domba

Abstract

Domba merupakan ternak ruminansia kecil yang berperan penting dalam perekonomian pedesaan, namun produktivitasnya di Indonesia masih rendah akibat keterbatasan pakan berkualitas yang berkesinambungan. Tepung daun kelor (Moringa oleifera) 30g (P1) dan 60g (P2) berpotensi sebagai suplemen pakan lokal yang diduga dapat memengaruhi performa produksi serta kestabilan respon fisiologis ternak. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji pengaruh pemberian tepung daun kelor dalam ransum terhadap respon fisiologis dan performa produksi domba Garut jantan, dilaksanakan selama 30 hari di Ananta Farm, Parakansalak, Kabupaten Sukabumi, menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan tiga perlakuan (P0: tanpa tepung kelor; P1: 30 g/ekor/hari; P2: 60 g/ekor/hari), masing-masing empat ulangan. Variabel yang diamati meliputi respon fisiologis dan performa ternak, dianalisis dengan ANOVA dan DMRT. Hasil menunjukkan perlakuan tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap frekuensi respirasi maupun PBBH, namun berpengaruh nyata terhadap denyut jantung, dengan P2 (82,75 kali/menit) lebih rendah dibandingkan P0 (101,50) dan P1 (102,25), serta suhu tubuh, dengan P0 (38,33°C) lebih rendah dibandingkan P1 (38,63°C) dan P2 (38,55°C), meski masih dalam kisaran normal. Disimpulkan bahwa tepung daun kelor hingga 60 g/ekor/hari aman diberikan dan berpotensi meningkatkan efisiensi kerja jantung.

Sheep are small ruminants important to rural economies, but their productivity in Indonesia remains low due to limited access to continuous, quality feed. Moringa oleifera leaf meal at 30g (P1) and 60g (P2) may serve as a local feed supplement affecting production performance and physiological stability in livestock. This study examined the effect of dietary Moringa leaf meal on the physiological responses and production performance of male Garut sheep over 30 days at Ananta Farm, Parakansalak, Sukabumi Regency, using a Completely Randomized Design with three treatments (P0: no Moringa leaf meal; P1: 30 g/head/day; P2: 60 g/head/day), each with four replications. Physiological and production variables were analyzed using ANOVA and DMRT. Treatment had no significant effect on respiration rate or average daily gain, but significantly affected heart rate, which was lower in P2 (82.75 beats/min) than P0 (101.50) and P1 (102.25), and body temperature, which was lower in P0 (38.33°C) than P1 (38.63°C) and P2 (38.55°C), though all values remained normal. Moringa leaf meal up to 60 g/head/day is safe and may improve cardiac efficiency.