Analisis Stabilitas Transgen FBPase Pada Tanaman Kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.) Kultivar IPB CP3 Transgenik

Abstract

Tanaman kentang transgenik IPB CP3 yang membawa transgen FBPase (IPB CP3-FBPase) telah dikembangkan oleh Pusat Bioteknologi IPB. Gen FBPase berperan penting di dalam proses fotosintesis. Tanaman transgenik tersebut telah diuji sampai dengan generasi ke-1 (G1). Namun demikian, stabilitas transgen FBPase masih perlu diuji pada tanaman IPB CP3 transgenik generasi selanjutnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis stabilitas transgen FBPase serta karakter morfologi dan produksi umbi tanaman kentang transgenik IPB CP3 FBPase generasi ke-2 (G2). Penelitian ini dilakukan di dalam rumah kaca dengan rancangan acak lengkap 20 ulangan. Sebanyak 4 klon transgenik dan 1 klon non transgenik IPB CP3 generasi G2 ditanam pada media cocopeat dan dipanen pada umur 13 MST. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan tinggi tanaman, diameter batang, dan jumlah daun majemuk klon IPB CP3 transgenik berbeda nyata dengan klon non-transgenik. Jumlah umbi dan bobot umbi klon transgenik IPB CP3-FBPase cenderung lebih tinggi daripada klon non-transgenik. Hasil amplifikasi DNA genom yang diisolasi dari daun dengan PCR menunjukkan bahwa transgen FBPase masih terdapat di dalam genom kentang transgenik IPB CP3-FBPase generasi G2.

The IPB CP3 transgenic potato carrying the FBPase transgene (IPB CP3-FBPase) was developed by the IPB Center for Biotechnology. The FBPase gene plays a crucial role in the process of photosynthesis. While the transgenic plants have been evaluated up to the 1st generation (G1), the stability of the FBPase transgene requires further assessment in subsequent generations. This study aimed to analyze the stability of the FBPase transgene, as well as the morphological characteristics and tuber yield of 2nd generation (G2) of IPB CP3-FBPase transgenic potato plants. The research was conducted in a greenhouse using a completely randomized design with 20 replicates. Four transgenic and one non transgenic G2 clone of IPB CP3 were grown in cocopeat medium and harvested at 13 weeks after planting. Observations revealed significant differences in plant height, stem diameter, and number of compound leaves between transgenic and non-transgenic clone. The number and weight of tubers from the IPB CP3-FBPase transgenic clones tended to be higher than those of the non-transgenic clone. PCR analysis of genomic DNA isolated from leaves confirmed that the FBPase transgene is still present in the G2 transgenic plant.