Pengaruh Sistem Pemeliharaan Intensif dan Free Range Terhadap Mikroba Digesta dan Profil Hematologi Ayam IPB D3 Final Stock.

Abstract

Sistem pemeliharaan berpotensi memengaruhi keseimbangan mikroba saluran pencernaan dan kondisi fisiologis ayam. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh sistem pemeliharaan intensif dan free range terhadap mikroba digesta dan profil hematologi ayam IPB D3 final stock (FS). Penelitian menggunakan 100 ekor ayam IPB D3 FS yang dipelihara selama 12 minggu dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dua perlakuan. Parameter yang diamati meliputi Total Plate Count (TPC), populasi Escherichia coli, eritrosit, hemoglobin, hematokrit, indeks eritrosit (MCV, MCH, MCHC), leukosit total, dan leukosit diferensial. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji t independen dan Mann–Whitney pada taraf nyata 5%. Hasil menunjukkan sistem pemeliharaan berpengaruh nyata (P<0,05) terhadap jumlah eritrosit dan nilai MCH, sedangkan TPC, populasi E. coli, hemoglobin, hematokrit, MCV, MCHC, leukosit total, dan leukosit diferensial tidak berbeda nyata (P>0,05). Kedua sistem pemeliharaan mampu mempertahankan keseimbangan mikroba digesta dan status fisiologis ayam IPB D3 FS.

The rearing system may influence gastrointestinal microbiota and the physiological condition of chickens. This study evaluated the effects of intensive and free-range rearing systems on digesta microbiota and the hematological profile of IPB D3 final stock (FS) chickens. A Completely Randomized Design with two treatments was applied using 100 chickens reared for 12 weeks. Parameters included Total Plate Count (TPC), Escherichia coli population, erythrocyte count, hemoglobin, hematocrit, erythrocyte indices (MCV, MCH, and MCHC), total leukocytes, and differential leukocytes. Data were analyzed using the independent t-test and Mann–Whitney test at a 5% significance level. The rearing system significantly affected (P<0.05) erythrocyte count and MCH, whereas TPC, E. coli population, hemoglobin, hematocrit, MCV, MCHC, total leukocytes, and differential leukocytes were not significantly different (P>0.05). Both rearing systems maintained digesta microbiota balance and the physiological status of IPB D3 FS chickens.