| dc.description.abstract | This study aimed to evaluate the effects of light-emitting diode (LED) light spectra on growth performance, physiological responses, and ornamental color quality of neon tetra (*Paracheirodon innesi*). The experiment used a completely randomized design with five light treatments and three replicates: ambient room light as the control (K), green LED (G), blue LED (B), white LED (W), and red LED (R). Fish were reared for 45 days under controlled conditions. Physiological indicators were evaluated based on glucose concentration, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration. Color quality was assessed using RGB values, Total Color Intensity (TCI), and chromatophore cell density. Growth performance was evaluated based on survival rate, specific growth rate, absolute weight gain, absolute length gain, and feed efficiency. LED light spectra significantly affected physiological status, color quality, and several growth parameters (P<0.05). The red LED treatment produced the highest TCI (598.47±56.81) and chromatophore cell density (62.80±1.05 cells), accompanied by the highest SOD activity and lowest MDA concentration on day 45. The blue LED treatment resulted in the highest specific growth rate, absolute weight gain, and absolute length gain, although these growth responses were generally not significantly different from those observed under white and red LED treatments. Survival rate remained at 100% in all treatments. These findings indicate that red LED is the most effective spectrum for enhancing ornamental color quality and antioxidant protection in neon tetra, while blue LED can support growth performance without reducing survival. | |
