Hubungan Struktur Komunitas Makrozoobenthos dengan Kualitas Air Tambak Silvofishery Sawojajar, Kabupaten Brebes.

Abstract

Perbedaan desain tata ruang tambak silvofishery memengaruhi kondisi perairan, sedimen, dan struktur komunitas makrozoobenthos. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis hubungan struktur komunitas makrozoobenthos dengan kualitas air pada tipe tambak silvofishery di Sawojajar, Brebes. Sampel diambil secara purposive sampling pada enam stasiun mewakili tambak tipe baru dan lama. Data makrozoobenthos, sedimen, C-organik, dan kualitas air dianalisis menggunakan indeks ekologi dan Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Kualitas air secara umum memenuhi baku mutu. Kepadatan tertinggi ditemukan pada tambak Tipe baru (tanpa mangrove). Tambak tipe baru memiliki keanekaragaman lebih tinggi dari tipe lama yang didominasi taksa tertentu akibat tingginya Corganik pada sedimen liat. Hasil PCA menunjukkan Gastropoda dan Bivalvia berkorelasi positif dengan kekeruhan, sedangkan Diptera dan Polychaeta dengan salinitas. Pengelolaan tata ruang tambak yang menjaga sirkulasi air dan mangrove penting untuk keseimbangan ekologis habitat bentik.

Different spatial designs of silvofishery ponds affect water, sediment, and macrozoobenthos community structure. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between macrozoobenthos community structure and water quality in different silvofishery pond types in Sawojajar, Brebes. Samples were collected using purposive sampling at six stations representing new and old pond types. Data on macrozoobenthos, sediment, C-organic, and water quality were analyzed using ecological indices and Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Water quality generally met the quality standards. The highest density was found in the new pond type (without mangroves). The new pond type showed higher diversity compared to the old type, which was dominated by specific taxa due to high C-organic content in clay sediments. PCA results showed that Gastropoda and Bivalvia positively correlated with turbidity, while Diptera and Polychaeta correlated with salinity. Pond spatial management that maintains water circulation and mangroves is essential for the ecological balance of benthic habitats.