Keanekaragaman Udang Air Tawar Berdasarkan Karakteristik Morfologi di Wilayah Perairan Sungai Padang Pariaman, Sumatra Barat

Abstract

Udang air tawar merupakan makrobentos yang termasuk ke dalam anggota filum Arthropoda, subfilum Crustacea, dan ordo Decapoda. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi keanekaragaman udang air tawar berdasarkan karakter morfologi, kondisi ekologi, dan karakteristik telur di wilayah perairan sungai Padang Pariaman, Sumatra Barat. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan di 6 lokasi dengan teknik purposive sampling. Kondisi ekologi diamati meliputi pH, jenis substrat, kualitas perairan, dan kecepatan arus. Pengamatan morfologi menggunakan mikroskop stereo yang dilengkapi dengan Optilab dan Image Raster berdasarkan karakter rostrum dan pereiopod. Karakteristik telur dianalisis melalui pengukuran diameter panjang dan lebar telur pada individu betina. Hasil penelitian menemukan sebanyak 56 individu udang air tawar yang tergolong ke dalam dua famili, yaitu Palaemonidae dan Atyidae. Famili Palaemonidae terdiri atas M. pilimanus, M. cf. idae, M. cf. mammillodactylus, dan Macrobrachium sp. 1, sedangkan famili Atyidae terdiri atas C. gracilipes, C. gracilirostris, C. weberi, C. sumatrensis, dan Caridina sp. 1. Publikasi ilmiah mengenai keanekaragaman udang air tawar di perairan sungai Padang Pariaman sangat terbatas, sedangkan wilayah tersebut memiliki habitat yang beragam dan berpotensi memiliki keanekaragaman spesies yang tinggi. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan informasi mengenai keanekaragaman udang air tawar di wilayah perairan sungai Padang Pariaman, Sumatra Barat.

Freshwater shrimp are macrobenthic organisms belonging to the phylum Arthropoda, subphylum Crustacea, and order Decapoda. This study aimed to identify the diversity of freshwater shrimp in the river systems of Padang Pariaman, West Sumatra, based on morphological characteristics, ecological conditions, and egg characteristics. Sampling was conducted at six sites using purposive sampling. Ecological parameters observed included water pH, substrate type, water quality, and current velocity. Morphological identification was performed using a stereo microscope equipped with Optilab and Image Raster, focusing on rostrum and pereiopod characteristics. Egg characteristics were analyzed by measuring the length and width of eggs from ovigerous females. A total of 56 freshwater shrimp individuals belonging to two families, Palaemonidae and Atyidae, were collected. The family Palaemonidae comprised M. pilimanus, M. cf. idae, M. cf. mammillodactylus, and Macrobrachium sp. 1, whereas the family Atyidae included C. gracilipes, C. gracilirostris, C. weberi, C. sumatrensis, and Caridina sp. 1. Scientific information on freshwater shrimp diversity in the rivers of Padang Pariaman remains limited despite the region's diverse habitats and high potential for species richness. This study provides baseline data on the diversity of freshwater shrimp in Padang Pariaman, West Sumatra.