Evaluasi GDFP terhadap Produksi Susu Peternak Sapi Perah Rakyat Kebon Pedes Jawa Barat

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi penerapan Good Dairy Farming Practices (GDFP) pada peternakan sapi perah rakyat di Kebon Pedes, Kota Bogor, serta mengkaji kaitannya dengan produksi susu. Penelitian dilaksanakan menggunakan metode survei melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi terhadap peternak sapi perah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan GDFP secara umum berada pada kategori baik. Aspek kandang memperoleh nilai rata-rata 2,34, aspek pakan dan minum memperoleh nilai rata-rata 3,1, aspek pembibitan dan reproduksi memperoleh nilai rata-rata 3,29, aspek manajemen pemerahan 3,31, aspek kesehatan ternak 2,93, sedangkan beberapa indikator seperti pengelolaan limbah, biosecurity, sanitasi pemerahan, dan penyimpanan pakan masih memerlukan perbaikan. Rataan produksi susu berdasarkan umur laktasi menunjukkan bahwa sapi berumur 3–4 tahun menghasilkan sekitar 10 liter/ekor/hari, umur 5–6 tahun sebesar 11 liter/ekor/hari, dan umur lebih dari 6 tahun sebesar 8 liter/ekor/hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa produksi susu tidak hanya dipengaruhi oleh penerapan GDFP, tetapi juga oleh faktor biologis seperti umur laktasi, kualitas indukan, dan Body Condition Score (BCS).

This study aims to evaluate the implementation of Good Dairy Farming Practices (GDFP) on smallholder dairy farms in Kebon Pedes, Bogor City, and to examine its relationship with milk production. The study was conducted using a survey method involving observation, interviews, and documentation of dairy farmers. The results show that the implementation of GDFP is generally in the “good” category. The housing aspect received an average score of 2.34, the feeding and watering aspect received an average score of 3.1; the breeding and reproduction aspect received an average score of 3.29, milking management scored 3.31, and livestock health scored 2.93, Meanwhile, several indicators-such as waste management, biosecurity, milking sanitation, and feed storage-still require improvement. Average milk production by lactation age shows that cows aged 3–4 years produce about 10 liters per head per day, those aged 5–6 years produce 11 liters per head per day, and those over 6 years of age produce 8 liters per head per day. Research findings indicate that milk production is influenced not only by the implementation of GDFP but also by biological factors such as lactation age, herd quality, and Body Condition Score (BCS).