Analisis Kelayakan dan Manfaat Ekonomi dari Sarana Instalasi Pengolahan Air Limbah (IPAL) (Studi Kasus Persemaian Rumpin)

Abstract

Pencemaran sungai di Indonesia, khususnya di Jawa Barat akibat aktivitas industri termasuk persemaian tanaman hutan, menunjukkan pentingnya penerapan dan pengelolaan IPAL yang efektif guna mengurangi dampak lingkungan dan ekonomi serta mendukung pencapaian SDGs tujuan ke-6 tentang air bersih dan sanitasi layak. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi proses pengolahan air limbah oleh IPAL di Persemaian Rumpin, menghitung nilai manfaat ekonomi dari Instalasi Pengolahan Air Limbah, menganalisis kelayakan ekonomi dari Instalasi Pengolahan Air Limbah. Metode yang digunakan adalah valuasi ekonomi dengan nilai produktivitas dan Contingent Valuation Method (CVM). Extended cost benefit analysis yang mencakup NPV, IRR, Payback Period, Gross B/C, dan Net B/C. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa manfaat ekonomi dari pengolahan air limbah oleh IPAL di Persemaian Rumpin antara lain produktivitas air baku olahan sebesar Rp974.050.000/tahun, penghindaran biaya pencemaran jasa ekosistem sungai sebesar Rp964.656.000/tahun dengan rata-rata WTA sebesar Rp151.724/KK/bulan. Hasil perhitungan kriteria kelayakan ekonomi menunjukkan nilai NPV sebesar 3.199.189.550 (NPV = 0), Net Benefit Cost Ratio sebesar 1,3058 (Net B/C > 1), Gross Benefit Cost Ratio sebesar 1,146 (Gross B/C = 1), Internal Rate of Return sebesar 8,26% (IRR > 4,75%), Payback Period selama 12 tahun 8 bulan 26 hari (PP < 20 tahun). Berdasarkan hasil tersebut proyek Instalasi Pengolahan Air Limbah layak dijalankan.

River pollution in Indonesia, especially in West Java due to industrial activities including forest plant nurseries, shows the importance of effective implementation and management of WWTP to reduce environmental and economic impacts and support the achievement of SDGs goal 6 on clean water and proper sanitation. The purpose of this study is to identify the wastewater treatment process by WWTP in Persemaian Rumpin, calculate the economic benefit value of the Wastewater Treatment Plant, analyze the economic feasibility of the Wastewater Treatment Plant. The method used is economic valuation with productivity value and Contingent Valuation Method (CVM). Extended cost benefit analysis that includes NPV, IRR, Payback Period, Gross B/C, and Net B/C. The results show that the economic benefits of wastewater treatment by WWTP in Persemaian Rumpin include processed raw water productivity of 974.050.000 IDR/year, avoidance of river ecosystem service pollution costs of 964.656.000 IDR/year with an average WTA of 151.724 IDR/family/month. The results of the calculation of economic feasibility criteria show an NPV value of 3.199.189.550 (NPV = 0), a Net Benefit Cost Ratio of 1,3058 (Net B/C > 1), a Gross Benefit Cost Ratio of 1,146 (Gross B/C = 1), an Internal Rate of Return of 8,26% (IRR > 4,75%), a Payback Period of 12 years 8 months 26 days (PP < 20 years). Based on these results, the Wastewater Treatment Plant project is feasible to run.