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      Kerentanan dan Penghidupan Rumah Tangga Petambak dalam Menghadapi Variabilitas Iklim (Studi Kasus: Desa Kalanganyar, Kecamatan Sedati, Sidoarjo)

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      Date
      2026
      Author
      NUGRAHAENI, WENING PUTRI
      Sapanli, Kastana
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      Abstract
      Desa Kalanganyar merupakan sentra budidaya tambak di Kabupaten Sidoarjo yang menghadapi tekanan variabilitas iklim, terutama banjir rob yang berulang setiap tahun, sehingga penghidupan rumah tangga petambak berpotensi terganggu. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis struktur nafkah, tingkat kerentanan, pemanfaatan modal penghidupan, serta prioritas strategi adaptasi rumah tangga petambak di Desa Kalanganyar. Data primer dikumpulkan dari 35 petambak dan empat pakar melalui wawancara dipandu kuesioner, untuk selanjutnya dianalisis menggunakan analisis pendapatan usaha tani serta perhitungan pengeluaran rumah tangga, Livelihood Vulnerability Index (LVI), analisis livelihood assets, dan Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa struktur nafkah rumah tangga masih sangat bergantung pada sektor budidaya (on farm) dengan diversifikasi yang minim. Rumah tangga petambak berada pada kategori sangat rentan (LVI = 0,532), dengan tekanan tertinggi berasal dari bencana alam dan perubahan iklim serta lemahnya jaringan sosial. Pemanfaatan modal penghidupan tergolong sedang, dengan modal sosial sebagai modal yang paling lemah pemanfaatannya, sementara modal alam yang menjadi tumpuan utama justru paling terancam oleh banjir rob. Melalui AHP, revitalisasi kelembagaan tradisional Kepala Kali menjadi strategi prioritas utama, mengungguli fasilitasi alat berat dan diversifikasi usaha rumput laut. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa penguatan penghidupan rumah tangga petambak sebaiknya diarahkan pada pemulihan modal sosial dan kelembagaan, bukan hanya bantuan fisik semata.
       
      Kalanganyar Village, a pond aquaculture center in Sidoarjo Regency, faces presKalanganyar Village is a major pond aquaculture center in Sidoarjo Regency that faces pressure from climate variability, particularly recurring tidal flooding, which threatens the livelihoods of pond farmer households. This study aimed to analyze the livelihood structure, vulnerability level, utilization of livelihood assets, and priority adaptation strategies of pond farmer households in Kalanganyar Village. Primary data were collected from 35 pond farmers and four experts through questionnaire-guided interviews, then analyzed using farm income analysis and the calculation of household expenses, the Livelihood Vulnerability Index (LVI), livelihood assets analysis, and the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Results showed that household livelihood structure remains highly dependent on the aquaculture sector (on farm) with minimal diversification. Pond farmer households fall into the highly vulnerable category (LVI = 0.532), with the highest pressure coming from natural disasters and climate change, as well as weak social networks. Livelihood asset utilization was categorized as moderate, with social capital being the least utilized asset, while natural capital, the main livelihood pillar, was the most threatened by tidal flooding. Through AHP, revitalizing the traditional "Kepala Kali" institution emerged as the top priority strategy, outranking heavy equipment facilitation and seaweed farming diversification. These results suggest that strengthening pond farmer household livelihoods should focus on restoring social capital and local institutions, rather than relying solely on physical assistance.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/177654
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      • UF - Resources and Environmental Economic [2447]

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